Critical appraisal of bidirectional relationship between periodontitis and hyperlipidemia

Abraham, Seba; Premnath, Arya; Arunima, P R; Kassim, ReejaMol Mohammed

doi:10.4103/jispcd.jispcd_316_18

Cited by 20 publications

(19 citation statements)

References 78 publications

(85 reference statements)

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“…As far as other metabolic syndrome components are concerned, there is evidence in the literature that the anomaly of lipid metabolism in the blood may affect periodontal disease progress [ 53 , 54 ]. Animal studies have shown that dyslipidemia predisposes the host to oral infection by impairing proper immune response to bacteria challenge [ 55 , 56 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Association between metabolic and hormonal profile, proinflammatory cytokines in saliva and gingival health in adolescent females with polycystic ovary syndrome

et al. 2021

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Background Research studies indicate that polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) may increase susceptibility to periodontal disease. The mechanisms that link both conditions are not entirely understood. Thus, the study aimed to investigate the impact of hormonal and metabolic disturbances on the gingival health and salivary levels of tumor necrosis factor (TNF-α), interleukin 1β (IL1-β), and interleukin 6 (IL-6) in adolescent girls with PCOS. Methods Thirty-one patients with PCOS and twenty-eight healthy age-mates (as the control group) were enrolled in the study. Individuals with PCOS underwent blood tests for the determination of hormonal and metabolic parameters. Saliva samples were collected to measure salivary testosterone and proinflammatory cytokines in both studied groups. Calibrated dentist assessed oral hygiene and gingival health of all subjects. Results Salivary testosterone was significantly higher in the study group (p = 0.0007). The groups did not differ significantly concerning periodontal parameters. Patients with PCOS revealed higher levels of salivary cytokines (p < 0.0001). Gingival index (GI) and the percentage of sites bleeding upon probing (BOP%) were positively correlated with the plaque index (PI) in both groups (rs ≥ 0.60, p < 0.001), and negatively correlated with salivary testosterone level in the PCOS group (rs = − 0.44, p = 0.0138 and rs = − 0.37, p = 0.0424, respectively). BOP% was also positively correlated with body mass index (BMI) in the control group (rs = 0.40, p = 0.0368) and index of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) in the study group (rs = 0.48, p = 0.0068). Salivary testosterone was positively correlated with TNF-α in the control group (rs = 0.41, p = 0.0321), while in the study group, total testosterone (TT) was positively correlated with IL-6 (rs = 0.37, p = 0.0400) and free androgen index (FAI) with TNF-α (rs = 0.36, p = 0.0491). Conclusions Gingival health of the examined population was associated primarily with oral hygiene and, to a lesser extent, with the hormonal and metabolic profile. Despite similar periodontal parameters in the both studied groups, patients with PCOS revealed significantly higher levels of proinflammatory cytokines in saliva, which might be the manifestation of the systemic low-grade inflammation associated with PCOS.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Association between metabolic and hormonal profile, proinflammatory cytokines in saliva and gingival health in adolescent females with polycystic ovary syndrome

et al. 2021

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“…A. actinomycetemcomitans is considered an essential microbial factor in aggressive periodontitis, usually with early-onset and combined with various defects in the immune response [33,38]. It has been suggested that periodontal disease and the presence of periopathogens may influence lipid metabolism, inducing changes in the concentration of cytokines [40]. Recently Lee et al [41] proved that the prevalence of gingivitis in adolescents is positively correlated with low HDL-C level.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Subgingival microflora in adolescent females with polycystic ovary syndrome and its association with oral hygiene, gingivitis, and selected metabolic and hormonal parameters

Wendland

Opydo-Szymaczek

Mizgier³

et al. 2020

Clin Oral Invest

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Objectives Research studies suggest that polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) may influence the composition of the oral microflora in women. This study aimed to investigate factors affecting the number of selected periopathogens in a young cohort of females with PCOS and to assess the association between oral hygiene, subgingival microbiome, gingival health, and metabolic and hormonal parameters. Materials and methods Thirty-two subjects with PCOS and twenty-three healthy controls aged 15-19 years were examined periodontally by a calibrated dentist. A real-time PCR method was used for the identification of 9 subgingival microorganisms. Subjects with PCOS underwent blood tests for determination of FSH, LH, total testosterone, DHEA-S, estradiol, SHBG, fasting glucose, fasting insulin, and lipid profile. Results Gingival index (GI), the proportion of bleeding sites (BOP%), probing depth (PD), and plaque index (PLI) did not differ significantly between cases and healthy age-mates. The control group had significantly higher levels of Peptostreptococcus micros and substantially greater percentage of subjects infected by Treponema denticola. Capnocytophaga gingivalis count was positively correlated with the level of estradiol, while the concentration of HDL-C was negatively correlated with the number of Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans and orange complex bacteria. Conclusions PCOS in young patients was not associated with higher pathogenicity of subgingival biofilms. Clinical relevance Further studies are needed to explain the relationship between hormonal and metabolic abnormalities, subgingival microflora, and periodontal health in patients with PCOS.

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“…Low blood high-density-lipoprotein (HDL) levels were reported to be a risk factor for cardiovascular disease in many previous epidemiological studies [17]. In addition, Choi et al [18], Nepomuceno et al [19], and Abraham et al [20] reported that triglyceride level, HDL-cholesterol(HDL-C), and low HDL-C, respectively, are significantly associated with periodontitis.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Association between Periodontal Disease and Levels of Triglyceride and Total Cholesterol among Korean Adults

Kim

Nam

2020

Healthcare

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Although the correlation between periodontal condition and hyperlipidemia was shown by previous researches, it remains disputed. This study was based on data from the seventh Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 2016–2018. Data included 14,068 subjects’ demographic characteristics, total cholesterol levels, triglyceride levels, and periodontal conditions. We analyzed the correlation between periodontal disease and blood lipid levels using complex-sample chi square tests and complex-sample logistic regression. The results of chi square tests showed a significant difference in demographic characteristics according to total cholesterol level and triglyceride level. The results of logistic regression, adjusted for the subjects’ demographic characteristics such as age, gender, house income, marital status, home ownership, number of persons living together, health insurance coverage, and economic activity, showed that prevalence of periodontal disease was 1.048-fold (confidence interval (CI) 0.827–1.133) higher in the high-total-cholesterol group and 1.499-fold (CI 1.576–1.983) higher in high-triglyceride group. We found that not high total cholesterol but high triglyceride level was connected with periodontal disease. Therefore, management of triglyceride level could be a possible precaution of periodontal disease.

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Critical appraisal of bidirectional relationship between periodontitis and hyperlipidemia

Cited by 20 publications

References 78 publications

Association between metabolic and hormonal profile, proinflammatory cytokines in saliva and gingival health in adolescent females with polycystic ovary syndrome

Association between metabolic and hormonal profile, proinflammatory cytokines in saliva and gingival health in adolescent females with polycystic ovary syndrome

Subgingival microflora in adolescent females with polycystic ovary syndrome and its association with oral hygiene, gingivitis, and selected metabolic and hormonal parameters

Association between Periodontal Disease and Levels of Triglyceride and Total Cholesterol among Korean Adults

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