Critical Plane Analysis of Rubber Bushing Durability under Road Loads

Barbash, Kevin P.; Mars, William V.

doi:10.4271/2016-01-0393

Cited by 22 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 23 publications

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“…Characterizing the precursor distributions in the manner shown here can be valuable for exploring rubber product reliability issues using elastomer fatigue simulations with critical plane analysis [22][23][24]. A key input to such fatigue modeling is c 0 , and knowing its distribution allows a comparison of the predicted lifetime, for example, due to the most probable c 0 versus worst case scenarios involving the large-c 0 tail of the distribution.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Characterizing Distributions of Tensile Strength and Crack Precursor Size to Evaluate Filler Dispersion Effects and Reliability of Rubber

Robertson¹,

Tunnicliffe²,

Maciag³

et al. 2020

Polymers

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Undispersed filler agglomerates or other substantial inclusions/contaminants in rubber can act as large crack precursors that reduce the strength and fatigue lifetime of the material. To demonstrate this, we use tensile strength (stress at break, σb) data from 50 specimens to characterize the failure distribution behavior of carbon black (CB) reinforced styrene-butadiene rubber (SBR) compounds. Poor mixing was simulated by adding a portion of the CB late in the mixing process, and glass beads (microspheres) with 517 μm average diameter were introduced during milling to reproduce the effects of large inclusions. The σb distribution was well described with a simple unimodal Weibull distribution for the control compound, but the tensile strengths of the poor CB dispersion material and the compounds with the glass beads required bimodal Weibull distributions. For the material with the lowest level of glass beads—corresponding to less than one microsphere per test specimen—the bimodal failure distribution spanned a very large range of σb from 13.7 to 22.7 MPa in contrast to the relatively narrow σb distribution for the control from 18.4 to 23.8 MPa. Crack precursor size (c0) distributions were also inferred from the data, and the glass beads introduced c0 values in the 400 μm range compared to about 180 μm for the control. In contrast to σb, critical tearing energy (tear strength) was unaffected by the presence of the CB agglomerates and glass beads, because the strain energy focuses on the pre-cut macroscopic crack in the sample during tear testing rather than on the microscopic crack precursors within the rubber. The glass beads were not detected by conventional filler dispersion measurements using interferometric microscopy, indicating that tensile strength distribution characterization is an important complementary approach for identifying the presence of minor amounts of large inclusions in rubber.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Characterizing Distributions of Tensile Strength and Crack Precursor Size to Evaluate Filler Dispersion Effects and Reliability of Rubber

Robertson¹,

Tunnicliffe²,

Maciag³

et al. 2020

Polymers

Self Cite

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“…Researchers have shown that the critical plane approach gives good predictions of the rubber components fatigue life . These investigations of natural rubber's fatigue life have shown that crystallization of natural rubber has a significant impact on its fatigue life .…”

Section: Implementing Taguchi Methods On Air Spring Influential Facto...mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…For L 27 (3 13 ) array, several standard linear graphs are available, but only the one presented in Figure 3 Researchers have shown that the critical plane approach gives good predictions of the rubber components fatigue life. 5,6,10,[21][22][23] These investigations of natural rubber's fatigue life have shown that crystallization of natural rubber has a significant impact on its fatigue life. [24][25][26][27][28][29][30] Reinforcement by rubber crystallization occurs, when stress ratio R > 0.…”

Section: Implementing Taguchi Methods On Air Spring Influential Facto...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Determining influential factors for an air spring fatigue life

Bešter

Oman

Nagode

2018

Fatigue Fract Eng Mat Struct

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This paper presents an analysis of factors essential to air spring and undercarriage design to determine their influence on air spring fatigue life. Two sets of factors were chosen for the investigation: those relating to the design of the air spring itself (cord angle, diameter difference) and those relating to the design of the undercarriage (lever length, eccentricity, lever eccentricity, inclination). A full factorial experiment, whereby interactions between all the factors are investigated, would demand 729 experiments. Using Taguchi methods, the number of experiments required is dramatically reduced, using only 27 experiments to determine the influence of 6 factors and 3 interactions. Taguchi analysis shows here that factors inherent to air spring design have a much greater influence on fatigue life than those factors inherent to undercarriage design. Interaction between these factors has also revealed that there is no optimal cord angle for all air springs.

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“…Other energy-based critical plane fatigue parameters have been developed in the literature [63,64] and have had high relevance in metallic materials. Although they have not been used in elastomers, probably due to their low correlation with experimental results, the good outcomes offered in other materials make them worthy of being used and taken into account in this paper: Fatemi-Socie [65]; Smith, Watson, and Topper [66]; Liu [67]; Findley [68]; Brown-Miller [69]; and Wang-Brown [70].…”

Section: Fatigue Damage Parameters Based On the Critical Planementioning

confidence: 99%

A New Multiparameter Model for Multiaxial Fatigue Life Prediction of Rubber Materials

et al. 2020

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Most of the mechanical components manufactured in rubber materials experience fluctuating loads, which cause material fatigue, significantly reducing their life. Different models have been used to approach this problem. However, most of them just provide life prediction only valid for each of the specific studied material and type of specimen used for the experimental testing. This work focuses on the development of a new generalized model of multiaxial fatigue for rubber materials, introducing a multiparameter variable to improve fatigue life prediction by considering simultaneously relevant information concerning stresses, strains, and strain energies. The model is verified through its correlation with several published fatigue tests for different rubber materials. The proposed model has been compared with more than 20 different parameters used in the specialized literature, calculating the value of the R2 coefficient by comparing the predicted values of every model, with the experimental ones. The obtained results show a significant improvement in the fatigue life prediction. The proposed model does not aim to be a universal and definitive approach for elastomer fatigue, but it provides a reliable general tool that can be used for processing data obtained from experimental tests carried out under different conditions.

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Critical Plane Analysis of Rubber Bushing Durability under Road Loads

Cited by 22 publications

References 23 publications

Characterizing Distributions of Tensile Strength and Crack Precursor Size to Evaluate Filler Dispersion Effects and Reliability of Rubber

Characterizing Distributions of Tensile Strength and Crack Precursor Size to Evaluate Filler Dispersion Effects and Reliability of Rubber

Determining influential factors for an air spring fatigue life

A New Multiparameter Model for Multiaxial Fatigue Life Prediction of Rubber Materials

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