CrN–Ag self-lubricating hard coatings

Mulligan, C.P.; Gall, Daniel

doi:10.1016/j.surfcoat.2005.08.063

Cited by 151 publications

(76 citation statements)

References 21 publications

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“…This redistribution has been also observed by Mulligan et al [27] after thermal treatment of CrN-Ag films in which films with higher silver content exhibits surface segregation due to the increase of the silver mobility.…”

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 77%

Structural and electrochemical characterization of Zr–C–N–Ag coatings deposited by DC dual magnetron sputtering

et al. 2014

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ZrCN coatings with incorporated silver were deposited on 316L stainless steel by dual reactive magnetron sputtering to evaluate the silver influence on the structural properties and corrosion resistance of the films. Samples composition was assessed by electron probe microanalysis.Glow discharge optical emission spectroscopy was used to determine the distribution of silver in the films. Structural characterization was performed by X-ray diffraction and Raman spectroscopy. Corrosion resistance was evaluated by potentiodynamic test and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy. Results revealed enhanced corrosion resistance properties of the coated steel and higher coatings reactivity when incorporated with silver, showing a plausible silver release increment.

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Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 77%

Structural and electrochemical characterization of Zr–C–N–Ag coatings deposited by DC dual magnetron sputtering

et al. 2014

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“…9b) as well as the changes observed in sample Ag13 suggest that silver is segregating in the coating surface. The surface segregation of Ag has been reported by several authors; however this process occurred at higher temperatures [35,37,38,39,40]. The surface segregation of silver is attributed to the low miscibility of this noble metal in different coatings [37] associated with the reduction in the system surface energy, which drives the segregation process.…”

Section: Accepted M Manuscriptmentioning

confidence: 81%

Influence of Ag content on mechanical and tribological behavior of DLC coatings

Manninen

Ribeiro

Escudeiro

et al. 2013

Surface and Coatings Technology

104

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Ag-DLC coatings with Ag contents ranging from 1.3 at.% to 13.1 at.% were deposited by DC magnetron sputtering. The coatings were characterized with respect to their structure (by means of XRD and Raman Spectroscopy), mechanical and tribological properties (by scratch test, nanoindentation, residual stress measurements and pin-on-disk test). The incorporation of 13.1 at.% Ag resulted in the formation of Ag grains with 2-3 nm which promoted the increase of graphite like bonds organized in rings. Regarding the mechanical properties, no variations were found for films with Ag contents lower than 13 at.%; a reduction of both hardness and compressive residual stress were then observed for higher values. Pin-on-disk tests were performed at two different contact pressures (690 MPa and 1180 MPa) in dry sliding conditions against a zirconia counterpart. For the lower contact pressure the variations in the wear rate are well correlated with the coatings structure and mechanical properties, while for higher contact pressure the presence of Ag is relevant, Ag-DLC coatings showing higher wear rate than DLC one. SEM analysis revealed the formation of Ag aggregates on the wear track and adhesion of silver to the counterpart.

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“…600 -700 °C) [21] -and needs to be in excess of 20 at.% to transport sufficiently well to provide adequate solid lubricating benefits [8,18,20,21,25]. The transportation of Ag from inside to the coating surface (and subsequent aggregation) will also be a desired characteristic for antimicrobial coating applications [34,35], particularly when the Ag aggregates are presented in nanocrystalline topography [36].…”

Section: Edx Line Scan Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Ag or Cu), as a solid lubrication phase, embedded in a hard wear-resistant matrix, such as a transition metal nitride [2][3][4][6][7][8][9], carbide [10,13] or oxide [14][15][16], and mixtures of these ceramics (in ternary/quaternary/nanocomposite coating systems), have all been extensively studied, with the promise of improved tribological performance during transient and/or cyclic temperature changes [17][18][19]. In particular, coatings based on Cr-Ag-N [7,8,[17][18][19][20][21] and Cr-Cu-N [6,22,23] (as two typical coating systems), have been studied. For coatings in the Cr-Ag-N system, it is revealed that Ag precipitates often tend to exhibit a lamellar shape (height/width: ~ 1/2 to 1/3), with a uniform, but isolated distribution in the ceramic nitride matrix of the deposited coating [24,25].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

CrCuAgN PVD nanocomposite coatings: Effects of annealing on coating morphology and nanostructure

Liu

Iamvasant

Liu

et al. 2017

Applied Surface Science

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CrCuAgN PVD nanocomposite coatings were produced using pulsed DC unbalanced magnetron sputtering. This investigation focuses on the effects of post-coat annealing on the surface morphology, phase composition and nanostructure of such coatings. In coatings with nitrogen contents up to 16 at.%, chromium exists as metallic Cr with N in supersaturated solid solution, even after 300 o C and 500 o C post-coat annealing.Annealing at 300 o C did not obviously change the phase composition of both nitrogen-free and nitrogen-containing coatings; however, 500 o C annealing resulted in significant transformation of the nitrogen-containing coatings. The formation of Ag aggregates relates to the (Cu+Ag)/Cr atomic ratio (threshold around 0.2), whereas the formation of Cu aggregates relates to the (Cu+Ag+N)/Cr atomic ratio (threshold around 0.5). The primary annealing-induced changes were reduced solubility of Cu, Ag and N in Cr, and the composition altering from a mixed ultra-fine nanocrystalline and partly amorphous phase constitution to a coarser, but still largely nanocrystalline structure. It was also found that, with sufficient Cu content (> 12 at.%), annealing at a moderately high temperature (e.g. 500 o C) leads to transportation of both Cu and Ag (even at relatively low concentrations of Ag, ≤ 3 at.%) from inside the coating to the coating surface, which resulted in significant reductions in friction coefficient, by over 50% compared to that of the substrate (from 0.31 to 0.14 with a hemispherical diamond indenter, and from 0.83 to 0.40 with an alumina ball counterface, respectively). Results indicate that the addition of both Cu and Ag (in appropriate *Manuscript Click here to view linked References 2 concentrations) to nitrogen-containing chromium is a viable strategy for the development of 'self-replenishing' silver-containing thin film architectures for temperature-dependent solid lubrication requirements or antimicrobial coating applications.

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CrN–Ag self-lubricating hard coatings

Cited by 151 publications

References 21 publications

Structural and electrochemical characterization of Zr–C–N–Ag coatings deposited by DC dual magnetron sputtering

Structural and electrochemical characterization of Zr–C–N–Ag coatings deposited by DC dual magnetron sputtering

Influence of Ag content on mechanical and tribological behavior of DLC coatings

CrCuAgN PVD nanocomposite coatings: Effects of annealing on coating morphology and nanostructure

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