Crop agro-technologies adaptation in organic farming

Abstract

The materials of long-term field experiments carried out in the forest-steppe of the Ob region of the Novosibirsk region and in the northern forest-steppe of the Kuznetsk basin of the Kemerovo region in various types of crop rotations on leached chernozems were analyzed to assess the possibility of developing organic farming. The most stable crop rotation in relation to weeds is a grain-fallow crop rotation with winter rye, where the coefficient of crop rotation productivity decrease with an increase in infestation by 1 unit of specific weed biomass was 0.205.The number of interstim pests per plant was less on wheat crops placed on vetch-oats, winter rye and rapeseed than on fallow and spring grain predecessors. The most productive crop rotations without the use of fertilizers and pesticides were grain fallow crop rotations with winter rye (2.46 t/ha) and legumes (2.44 t/ha). It has been established that organic farming can only be carried out under conditions of crop diversification (increase in biodiversity within crops of winter rye, cabbage, leguminous grasses and grain legumes), a decrease in the intensity of mechanical impact on the soil, the introduction of organic fertilizers and plant residues of crops, sideration.

Transport connectivity of the organic production zone at the regional level

“…Climate change entails a change in the geography of production of organic raw materials in Siberia [5][6][7], and changes in the settlement structure indicate new spatial priorities in the field of its processing, which the transport system must also consider [8]. The active participation of Siberian agricultural producers in the federal project "Export of agricultural products" leads to an increase in the load on the road network [9] due to a significant increase in export flows in the southern direction (Kazakhstan, Mongolia), which also requires additional emphasis in determining the transport connectivity of the macrozone. However, all these studies, as a rule, concern individual types of transport and do not consider the specifics of transportation of agricultural products [10].…”