Crop coefficients of some major crops of the Nigerian semi-arid tropics

Abdulmumin, S.; Misari, S. M.

doi:10.1016/0378-3774(90)90028-w

Cited by 12 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 10 publications

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“…The Class A tank coefficient (Kp) used was proposed by Doorenbos and Pruitt (), which considers the conditions of the surrounding area, wind speed, and relative humidity. The crop coefficients (Kc) used for cover crops were: 0.4 for the period between emergence and 20 DAE; 0.7 for the period from 20 to 30 DAE; and 1.0 between the period from 30 DAE and flowering (Abdulmumin & Misari, ). The crop coefficients (Kc) used for rice were those proposed by Rodrigues, Soratto, and Arf (): 0.4 for the period between emergence and 30 d before flowering; 0.7 for the period from 30–11 d before flowering; 1.0 between the period from 11 d before to 5 d after flowering; and 0.7 for 5–15 d after flowering.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Do cover crops improve the productivity and industrial quality of upland rice?

et al. 2020

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Global rice (Oryza sativa L.) cultivation is expected to increase, especially in upland no‐tillage systems (NTS). The difficulty in producing and maintaining straw in NTS in the Brazilian Cerrado and comparative regions worldwide can be overcome by using cover crops in irrigated areas. The potential of straw accumulation, soil cover maintenance, and nutrient cycling is considered while choosing cover crop species, because these characteristics may interfere with subsequent crop cultivation. This study was conducted to determine whether cover crops could benefit the development, productivity, and industrial quality of upland rice grains irrigated by sprinklers and cultivated in succession. The experiment was conducted in the Cerrado, with a summer rainy season and a dry winter. The treatments consisted of six cover crops (millet [Pennisetum glaucum], sunn hemp [Crotalaria juncea], pigeonpea [Cajanus cajan], millet + sunn hemp, millet + pigeonpea, and fallow) sowed in winter or spring. Compared to fallow, the cover crops cultivated in winter or spring led to increased straw production, accumulation of approximately 150% more nitrogen in straw, and possibly improved rice nutritional value because of the higher N content. Rice plants cultivated after sunn hemp developed a greater dry mass than rice cultivated after the fallow treatment. Grain yield was not influenced by the cover crops. However, sunn hemp cultivation increased the milling yield, head rice yield, and the milled rice productivity (MRP), compared to cultivation following the fallow treatment. Cultivation of sunn hemp before the upland rice crop improved MRP compared to that following the fallow treatment.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Do cover crops improve the productivity and industrial quality of upland rice?

et al. 2020

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“…The estimation of the potential evapotranspiration PE for a crop depends on the reference evapotranspiration ETo, which is calculated using the Penman-Monteith equation (Allen et al, 1998), multiplied by the crop coefficient K C which represents the crop characteristics which differentiate the crop from the reference surface of grass (Abdulmumin and Misari 1990;Allen et al 1998). The significance of K C for a millet crop can be identified from Fig.…”

Section: Transpiration and Water Stressmentioning

confidence: 99%

A single layer soil water balance model for estimating deep drainage (potential recharge): An application to cropped land in semi-arid North-east Nigeria

2007

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The understanding and quantification of groundwater recharge in semi-arid areas are fundamental to sound management of water resources in such areas. A soil water balance model, if designed to adequately represent the physical processes involved, and if carried out with a short enough (daily) time step, can provide realistic estimates of deep drainage (potential recharge) over long periods.We describe a single store (single layer) mass water balance model applicable to semi-arid areas, which recognises the wetting of the near surface during rainfall, with subsequent availability of water for evaporation and transpiration in the days following rainfall. The model allows for the major hydrological processes taking place at or near the soil-vegetation surface including runoff.Model results are presented for North-east Nigeria, for a continuous period of 36 years during which mean annual rainfall was 431 mm (range 321-650 mm) and mean annual modelled deep drainage was 14 mm (range 0-95 mm, with 23 years having zero potential recharge). The modelling results indicate that annual rainfall totals are not the main predictor of annual recharge. The temporal distribution of daily rainfall and the magnitude of the antecedent (pre-season) soil moisture deficit are the strongest determinants of deep drainage at a particular location, in a particular year. Sensitivity analysis of soil and vegetation parameters suggests that deep drainage is most sensitive to water holding capacity and rooting depth. These are key parameters which determine spatial variability of potential recharge.The model is shown to be plausible by examination of the concepts which underlie it, by comparison with field soil moisture measurements, and by the model's ability to represent qualitative observations of crop yield variations from year to year.Future development of the model could include applications to other climatic conditions and the inclusion of other hydrologic processes.

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“…The large-scale difference in measured and FAO empirical K C in case of sorghum at initial, midseason and late season stages could be attributed to the fact that empirical K C values suggested in FAO 56 are for irrigated sorghum grown in March/April (Kharif) season. The marked differences in measured K C and FAO K C values were also observed almost in all studies conducted in similar climatic conditions (Abdulmumin & Misari 1990;Mohan & Arumugam 1994;Tyagi et al 2000), although in both cases the crop was irrigated. This is also well demonstrated in Figure 2, wherein the values of ET C showed decreasing trend from initial crop growth onwards until the end of season.…”

Section: Comparison Of Stage-wise Measured and Empirical Crop Coefficmentioning

confidence: 61%

“…This value was found to be less than that determined earlier for irrigated (June planting) sorghum at Parbhani (Kadam et al 1978), ranging from 225 -388 mm (August planting) at Bellary (Mohan & Arumugam 1994) both in semi arid tropics and 490 -500 mm (June planting) at Hissar (Tyagi et al 2000) in arid tropics of India. In another study in the semi-arid tropical zone of Nigeria ET C of sorghum on the basis of 10-day water balance was calculated (Abdulmumin & Misari 1990). It was assumed that although the lysimeter was not irrigated, sufficient rainfall was received to make crop water use data valid.…”

Section: Crop Evapotranspirationmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The soil water status simulated with this relationship was found to agree well with field observations. Abdulmumin and Misari (1990) presented crop coefficient curves for sorghum, millet, maize, groundnut and cotton under Nigerian conditions using lysimetric data and recommended them for use throughout the semi-arid tropics of west Africa. Suryawanshi et al (1990) summarized the available literature on this subject under tropical climatic conditions and reported crop coefficients for maize, cowpea, groundnut, and sunflower.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Evaluation of crop coefficients for Rabi Sorghum (Sorghum bicolar monech) in semi-arid climate

Gundekar

Khodke

2007

Archives of Agronomy and Soil Science

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Planning and strategic management of irrigation water are the key elements for successful crop production. In this study, evaluation of crop coefficients (K C ) on daily and seasonal basis was accomplished for rabi (winter or post rainy) sorghum in semi-arid climatic conditions of India. The crop coefficients for sorghum were developed using lysimetric measured actual crop evapotranspiration (ET C ) and reference evapotranspiration (ET O ) based on the FAO 56 Penman Monteith Method (FP-M). The developed K C values for sorghum during initial, crop development, mid-season, late season stages and at harvest were 0.65, 0.60, 0.50, 0.24, and 0.14, respectively. The results indicated that the actual K C values were considerably different and lower than those suggested by FAO indicating the need for developing these values at the local scale. The measured K C in initial stage was higher than that of empirical K C suggested in FAO 56 whereas K C at development (pre-flowering) stage is in close conformity with that of FAO empirical K C when sufficient moisture was present in the soil. However, the unusual decreasing trend of measured K C from 55 days after sowing of crop at flowering and grain formation stage strongly pointed towards the need of at least two protective irrigations for successful sorghum crop production if grown under rainfed situations.

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Crop coefficients of some major crops of the Nigerian semi-arid tropics

Cited by 12 publications

References 10 publications

Do cover crops improve the productivity and industrial quality of upland rice?

Do cover crops improve the productivity and industrial quality of upland rice?

A single layer soil water balance model for estimating deep drainage (potential recharge): An application to cropped land in semi-arid North-east Nigeria

Evaluation of crop coefficients for Rabi Sorghum (Sorghum bicolar monech) in semi-arid climate

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