Crop Protection for Agricultural Intensification Systems in Sub-Saharan Africa

Ratnadass, Alain

doi:10.1007/978-3-030-38881-2_1

Cited by 5 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 106 publications

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“…Easy availability and utilization capacities of nutrients are determined by efficient translocation of nutrients. Therefore, the major criteria of efficient nutrient utilization by the plants and crops are linked to the group of some beneficial microflora known as the “PGPRs” (Ratnadass 2020 ). Their survival and sustaining capacities around the root zone with or without symbiotic colonies like VAM (vesicular arbuscular mycorrhiza) affect the overall translocation process of nutrition.…”

Section: Revival Of the Microbial Pool And Its Applicationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Host-mediated gene engineering and microbiome-based technology optimization for sustainable agriculture and environment

Thakur

Nigam

Mann

et al. 2023

Funct Integr Genomics

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The agricultural sector and environmental safety both work hand in hand to promote sustainability in important issues like soil health, plant nutrition, food safety, and security. The conventional methods have greatly harmed the environment and people’s health and caused soil fertility and quality to decline as well as deteriorate. Keeping in view the excessive exploitation and cascade of degradation events due to unsustainable farming practices, the need of the hour demands choosing an appropriate, eco-friendly strategy to restore soil health, plant nutrition, and environmental aspects. The priority highlights a need for a sustainable and environment-friendly upgradation of the present agricultural systems to utilize the beneficial aspects related to harnessing the gene-microbiome strategies which would help in the restoration and replenishment of the microbial pool. Thus, exploring the microbiome is the utmost priority which gives a deep insight into the different aspects related to soil and plant and stands out as an important contributor to plant health and productivity. “Microbes” are important drivers for the biogeochemical cycles and targets like sustainability and safety. This essential microbial bulk (soil microbiome) is greatly influenced by agricultural/farming practices. Therefore, with the help of microbiome engineering technologies like meta-transcriptomics , meta-proteomics , metabolomics , and novel gene-altering techniques , we can easily screen out the highly diverse and balanced microbial population in the bulk of soil, enhancing the soil’s health and productivity. Importantly, we need to change our cultivation strategies to attain such sustainability. There is an urgent need to revert to natural/organic systems of cultivation patterns where the microbiome hub can be properly utilized to strengthen soil health, decrease insect pest and disease incidence, reduce greenhouse gas emissions, and ultimately prevent environmental degradation. Through this article, we wish to propose a shift in the cultivation pattern from chemical to the novel , upgraded gene-assisted designed eco-friendly methodologies which can help in incorporating , exploring , and harnessing the right microbiome consortium and can further help in the progression of environmentally friendly microbiome technologies for agricultural safety and productivity. Graphical abstract Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s10142-023-00982-9.

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Section: Revival Of the Microbial Pool And Its Applicationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Host-mediated gene engineering and microbiome-based technology optimization for sustainable agriculture and environment

Thakur

Nigam

Mann

et al. 2023

Funct Integr Genomics

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“…There is a large continuum between IPM and ACP. Figures 8 and 9 show via spider graphs differences between the two paradigms, according respectively to the ESR framework (Hill and MacRae 1995;Dupré et al (2017) and to six ecosystem services (Ratnadass 2020). In particular, Fig.…”

Section: Origins and Definition Of Acpmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Since the 1990s, the concept of a "doubly" green revolution demonstrates the desire to embrace environmental concerns (Conway 1997;de Schutter and Vanloqueren 2011), but production, performance, and profitability remain the priority (Horlings and Marsden 2011). Today, the concept of sustainable intensification proposed by Sir Gordon Conway (Conway 1999) and the "Montpellier Panel" (Conway et al 2013) has been put forward for Africa (Pretty et al 2011;Ratnadass 2020). This sustainable intensification has been under development since then, reflecting the various degrees of agricultural sustainability, as well as the different levels of inputs.…”

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confidence: 99%

Integrated pest management: good intentions, hard realities. A review

Deguine

Aubertot

Flor³

et al. 2021

Agron. Sustain. Dev.

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331

104

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Integrated Pest Management (IPM) provides an illustration of how crop protection has (or has not) evolved over the past six decades. Throughout this period, IPM has endeavored to promote sustainable forms of agriculture, pursued sharp reductions in synthetic pesticide use, and thereby resolved myriad socio-economic, environmental, and human health challenges. Global pesticide use has, however, largely continued unabated, with negative implications for farmer livelihoods, biodiversity conservation, and the human right to food. In this review, we examine how IPM has developed over time and assess whether this concept remains suited to present-day challenges. We believe that despite many good intentions, hard realities need to be faced. 1) We identify the following major weaknesses: i) a multitude of IPM definitions that generate unnecessary confusion; ii) inconsistencies between IPM concepts, practice, and policies; iii) insufficient engagement of farmers in IPM technology development and frequent lack of basic understanding of its underlying ecological concepts. 2) By diverting from the fundamental IPM principles, integration of practices has proceeded along serendipitous routes, proven ineffective, and yielded unacceptable outcomes. 3) We show that in the majority of cases, chemical control still remains the basis of plant health programs. 4) Furthermore, IPM research is often lagging, tends to be misguided, and pays insufficient attention to ecology and to the ecological functioning of agroecosystems. 5) Since the 1960s, IPM rules have been twisted, its foundational concepts have degraded and its serious (farm-level) implementation has not advanced. To remedy this, we are proposing Agroecological Crop Protection as a concept that captures how agroecology can be optimally put to the service of crop protection. Agroecological Crop Protection constitutes an interdisciplinary scientific field that comprises an orderly strategy (and clear prioritization) of practices at the field, farm, and agricultural landscape level and a dimension of social and organizational ecology.

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