Crop residues as driver for N2O emissions from a sandy loam soil

Pugesgaard, Siri; Petersen, Søren O.; Chirinda, Ngonidzashe; Olesen, Jørgen E.

doi:10.1016/j.agrformet.2016.11.007

Cited by 57 publications

(35 citation statements)

References 46 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…A recent study by Pugesgaard et al . () also showed increased N 2 O emissions following crop residue incorporation. The response was explained by the carbon in the crop residues driving N 2 O emissions.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 92%

European long‐term field experiments: knowledge gained about alternative management practices

Sandén

Spiegel

Stüger

et al. 2018

Soil Use and Management

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Alternative management practices such as no‐tillage compared to conventional tillage are expected to recover or increase soil quality and productivity, even though all of these aspects are rarely studied together. Long‐term field experiments (LTEs) enable analysis of alternative management practices over time. This study investigated a total of 251 European LTEs in which alternative management practices such as crop rotation, catch crops, cover crops/green manure, no‐tillage, non‐inversion tillage and organic fertilization were applied. Response ratios of indicators for soil quality, climate change and productivity between alternative and reference management practices were derived from a total of 260 publications. Both positive and negative effects of alternative management practices on the different indicators were shown and, as expected, no alternative management practice could comply with all objectives simultaneously. Productivity was hampered by non‐inversion tillage, FYM amendments and incorporation of crop residues. SOC contents were increased significantly following organic fertilizers and non‐inversion tillage. GHG emissions were increased by slurry application and incorporation of crop residues. Our study showed that alternative management practices beneficial to one group of indicators (e.g. organic fertilizers for biological soil quality indicators) are not necessarily beneficial to other indicators (e.g. increase of crop yields). We conclude that LTEs are valuable for finding ways forward in protecting European soils as well as finding evidence‐based alternative management practices for the future; however, experiments should focus more on biological soil quality indicators as well as GHG emissions to enable better evaluation of trade‐offs and mutual benefits of management practices.

show abstract

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 92%

European long‐term field experiments: knowledge gained about alternative management practices

Sandén

Spiegel

Stüger

et al. 2018

Soil Use and Management

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Ammonia losses up to 10% of the N input have been observed after green manure cutting (Whitehead and Lockyer, 1989;Båth et al, 2006). Finally, Pugesgaard et al (2017) estimated changes in soil N stocks and suggested that N surplus in OGM was not lost, but stored in the soil as organic matter. Leaching in spring wheat and potatoes was generally higher in OGM than in the other two systems, in particular in treatments without catch crops.…”

Section: N Balance and N Leachingmentioning

confidence: 98%

“…Another possible explanation to the discrepancy of OGM/ +CC/−M from the general trend are increased gaseous losses in relation to mulching (Moeller, 2009). In a study on the 3rd cycle of the same crop rotation experiment, Pugesgaard et al (2017) found a significant relation between N 2 O emissions and crop residues, in agreement with Brozyna et al (2013). However, when comparing OGM/ +CC/−M with OGM/+CC/+M, no significant difference in N 2 O emissions could be found in relation to management of green manure cuts (Brozyna et al, 2013).…”

Section: N Balance and N Leachingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Nitrogen leaching: A crop rotation perspective on the effect of N surplus, field management and use of catch crops

Notaris

Rasmussen

Sørensen

et al. 2018

Agriculture, Ecosystems & Environment

175

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

“…This has resulted in cropping systems where a substantial proportion of the N added is lost to the environment, and where the excess reactive N threatens the quality of air, water and ecosystems (Robertson and Vitousek, 2009). The emissions of N 2 O have considerable environmental impacts through the contribution to global warming and ozone depletion (Ravishankara et al, 2009), and about 16 to 20 Tg N 2 O-N is emitted annually to the atmosphere; of this, close to 40 % is anthropogenic, and agriculture accounts for 67 %-80 % of the anthropogenic N 2 O emissions (Ussiri and Lal, 2013). About half of the anthropogenic N 2 O emissions originate from cultivated soils (Stehfest and Bouwman, 2006).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Reviews and syntheses: Review of causes and sources of N<sub>2</sub>O emissions and NO<sub>3</sub> leaching from organic arable crop rotations

et al. 2019

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The emissions of nitrous oxide (N 2 O) and leaching of nitrate (NO 3 ) from agricultural cropping systems have considerable negative impacts on climate and the environment. Although these environmental burdens are less per unit area in organic than in non-organic production on average, they are roughly similar per unit of product. If organic farming is to maintain its goal of being environmentally friendly, these loadings must be addressed. We discuss the impact of possible drivers of N 2 O emissions and NO 3 leaching within organic arable farming practice under European climatic conditions, and potential strategies to reduce these. Organic arable crop rotations are generally diverse with the frequent use of legumes, intercropping and organic fertilisers. The soil organic matter content and the share of active organic matter, soil structure, microbial and faunal activity are higher in such diverse rotations, and the yields are lower, than in non-organic arable cropping systems based on less diverse systems and inorganic fertilisers. Soil mineral nitrogen (SMN), N 2 O emissions and NO 3 leaching are low under growing crops, but there is the potential for SMN accumulation and losses after crop termination, harvest or senescence. The risk of high N 2 O fluxes increases when large amounts of herbage or organic fertilisers with readily available nitrogen (N) and degradable carbon are incorporated into the soil or left on the surface. Freezing/thawing, drying/rewetting, compacted and/or wet soil and mechanical mixing of crop residues into the soil further enhance the risk of high N 2 O fluxes. N derived from soil organic matter (background emissions) does, however, seem to be the most important driver for N 2 O emission from organic arable crop rotations, and the correlation between yearly total Ninput and N 2 O emissions is weak. Incorporation of N-rich plant residues or mechanical weeding followed by bare fallow conditions increases the risk of NO 3 leaching. In contrast, strategic use of deep-rooted crops with long growing seasons or effective cover crops in the rotation reduces NO 3 leaching risk. Enhanced recycling of herbage from green manures, crop residues and cover crops through biogas or com-Published by Copernicus Publications on behalf of the European Geosciences Union. 2796 S. Hansen et al.: Review of N 2 O emissions and NO 3 leaching from organic arable rotations posting may increase N efficiency and reduce N 2 O emissions and NO 3 leaching. Mixtures of legumes (e.g. clover or vetch)and non-legumes (e.g. grasses or Brassica species) are as efficient cover crops for reducing NO 3 leaching as monocultures of non-legume species. Continued regular use of cover crops has the potential to reduce NO 3 leaching and enhance soil organic matter but may enhance N 2 O emissions. There is a need to optimise the use of crops and cover crops to enhance the synchrony of mineralisation with crop N uptake to enhance crop productivity, and this will concurrently reduce the long-term risks of NO 3 leaching and N 2 O emissions.

show abstract

Crop residues as driver for N2O emissions from a sandy loam soil

Cited by 57 publications

References 46 publications

European long‐term field experiments: knowledge gained about alternative management practices

European long‐term field experiments: knowledge gained about alternative management practices

Nitrogen leaching: A crop rotation perspective on the effect of N surplus, field management and use of catch crops

Reviews and syntheses: Review of causes and sources of N<sub>2</sub>O emissions and NO<sub>3</sub> leaching from organic arable crop rotations

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About

Crop residues as driver for N2O emissions from a sandy loam soil

Cited by 57 publications

References 46 publications

European long‐term field experiments: knowledge gained about alternative management practices

European long‐term field experiments: knowledge gained about alternative management practices

Nitrogen leaching: A crop rotation perspective on the effect of N surplus, field management and use of catch crops

Reviews and syntheses: Review of causes and sources of N&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt;O emissions and NO&lt;sub&gt;3&lt;/sub&gt; leaching from organic arable crop rotations

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About

Reviews and syntheses: Review of causes and sources of N<sub>2</sub>O emissions and NO<sub>3</sub> leaching from organic arable crop rotations