Cropland nitrogen dioxide emissions and effects on the ozone pollution in the North China plain

Wang, Ruonan; Bei, Naifang; Wu, Jiarui; Li, Xia; Liu, Suixin; Yu, Jiaoyang; Jiang, Qian; Tie, Xuexi; Li, Guohui

doi:10.1016/j.envpol.2021.118617

Cited by 25 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 84 publications

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“…R. Wang et al. (2022) confirmed that soil NO X emissions from cultivated land had a non‐negligible effect on summer O 3 concentrations in the North China Plain, which is consistent with the results of this study. We also extended the study area to the whole China by delineating three regions that were more affected by soil NO X emissions from agricultural areas in addition to the North China Plain and northeastern China.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

“…Similarly, this study discovered that the northeastern China, which is also the largest cropland aggregation area in China, was the region where fluctuations in soil NO X emissions had the greatest impact on O 3 concentrations. R. Wang et al (2022) confirmed that soil NO X emissions from cultivated land had a non-negligible effect on summer O 3 concentrations in the North China Plain, which is consistent with the results of this study. We also extended the study area to the whole China by delineating three regions that were more affected by soil NO X emissions from agricultural areas in addition to the North China Plain and northeastern China.…”

Section: Compared With Previous Studiessupporting

confidence: 90%

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Impacts of Agricultural Soil NO_x Emissions on O₃ Over Mainland China

et al. 2023

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Ozone (O 3 ) is a major component of tropospheric photochemical pollution, which imposes a substantial threat to human health, agricultural production, and the environment (Feng et al., 2015;Krupa et al., 2001). O 3 is the secondary pollutant generated primarily by photochemical reactions of nitrogen oxides (NO X ), volatile organic compounds (VOCs), and other pollutants emitted by humans (Roelofs & Lelieveld, 1997). Regional O 3 pollution has become a critical air pollution problem in Chinese megacities. As a precursor pollutant for O 3 , NO X emissions in China are mostly concentrated in the industrial and transportation sectors, and the country's rapid economic expansion has resulted in an apparent increase in NO X emissions. Therefore, the Chinese government has developed several control policies targeted at various contaminants. However, current control efforts are primarily focused on eastern China. Cui et al. ( 2016) discovered a obvious anthropogenic growth in nitrogen dioxide (NO 2 ) in western China from 2005 to 2013 (an average increase of 8.9% per year relative to 2005). Furthermore, along with the development and implement of emission reduction regulations, previously neglected emission sources, such as NO X emissions from soils, are becoming increasingly essential, particularly in rural areas.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

Section: Compared With Previous Studiessupporting

confidence: 90%

Impacts of Agricultural Soil NO_x Emissions on O₃ Over Mainland China

et al. 2023

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“…The increases in NUE would be accompanied by increased crop yields of 2-8% according to a study of expanding small farms below 0.1 ha to larger farms of around 7-60 ha in China 13 . It is easier to promote advanced technologies on larger farms, including the best management practices 14 , while smallholder farms tend to have outdated production methods and high costs.…”

Section: Impact Of Farm Scale On N Flowsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…1.6), a net social benefit from reducing NH3 emissions was around 18-28 billion USD per year, while savings from other environmental costs could be 11-21 billion USD per year for N leaching and runoff to water, N2O and NOx emissions. In addition, surface ozone concentrations could be also substantially reduced by reduced NOx emissions resulting from implementing largescale farming, such as in the NCP: a number of studies have estimated significant episodic surface ozone enhancement from soil NOx emissions by up to 8 ppb when there is increased photochemical activity in the atmosphere 14,15 . Expanding farm size also facilitates sustainable agriculture, through the better use of machinery and knowledge exchange 7,16 .…”

Section: Cost-benefit Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

Farming the planet with better nitrogen use

Liu

et al. 2023

Preprint

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Feeding an increasingly affluent population is a huge challenge facing global agriculture. In contrast to “large-scale farming” in developed economies (e.g. Europe and the United States), developing countries are dominated by “smallholder farms” relying on traditional farming practices but increasingly with substantial nitrogen overuse leading to severe environmental degradation and adverse human health. Here, we explore the potential for better nitrogen use by synthesizing the global relationship between farm size and nitrogen use for 16 major crops, assess the impact of farm size on nitrogen flows, and link these with air quality modelling to produce an integrated assessment of nitrogen-related environmental and health outcomes related to farm size. We find that increasing farm size in developing countries can contribute to more efficient and sustainable farming practices, which could decrease nitrogen overuse, ammonia emissions and nitrogen deposition by 20-25%, increase nitrogen use efficiency by 2-8%, and save over 142,000 premature deaths per year related to PM2.5 air pollution. Although a large one-time investment is required for increasing farm size, there would be substantial progress towards achieving Sustainable Development Goals, associated with food security, a clean environment and improved human health.

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“…Soil has been identified as an important source of N r . − N r emissions from soil are controlled by available soil nitrogen content and edaphic conditions such as soil water content (SWC) and temperature. ,,,, The NCP region occupies a large area of cultivated land (∼0.3 × 10 6 km 2 ) that is regularly treated with intensive chemical nitrogen fertilizers and also receives extensive nitrogen deposition. , The high soil nitrogen content from both agricultural fertilizer input and deposition have led to large soil N r emissions in the summertime. − These soil emissions are conventionally considered as biogenic sources, even though a large proportion of them are originally from anthropogenic agriculture activities. A number of studies estimated significant episodic surface ozone enhancement from soil NO x and/or HONO emissions by up to 8 ppbv. ,,− Lu et al pointed out a competing effect between NO x emissions from fuel combustion and soil on ozone formation in the NCP region, suggesting that soil ozone contribution may vary with changes in NO x emissions from fuel combustion. However, the role of soil N r ozone production in the observed increasing trends in surface ozone in China has not been recognized.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Soil Emissions of Reactive Nitrogen Accelerate Summertime Surface Ozone Increases in the North China Plain

Tan,

Wang,

et al. 2023

Environ. Sci. Technol.

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Summertime surface ozone in China has been increasing since 2013 despite the policy-driven reduction in fuel combustion emissions of nitrogen oxides (NO x ). Here we examine the role of soil reactive nitrogen (N r , including NO x and nitrous acid (HONO)) emissions in the 2013−2019 ozone increase over the North China Plain (NCP), using GEOS-Chem chemical transport model simulations. We update soil NO x emissions and add soil HONO emissions in GEOS-Chem based on observation-constrained parametrization schemes. The model estimates significant daily maximum 8 h average (MDA8) ozone enhancement from soil N r emissions of 8.0 ppbv over the NCP and 5.5 ppbv over China in June−July 2019. We identify a strong competing effect between combustion and soil N r sources on ozone production in the NCP region. We find that soil N r emissions accelerate the 2013−2019 June-July ozone increase over the NCP by 3.0 ppbv. The increase in soil N r ozone contribution, however, is not primarily driven by weather-induced increases in soil N r emissions, but by the concurrent decreases in fuel combustion NO x emissions, which enhance ozone production efficiency from soil by pushing ozone production toward a more NO x -sensitive regime. Our results reveal an important indirect effect from fuel combustion NO x emission reduction on ozone trends by increasing ozone production from soil N r emissions, highlighting the necessity to consider the interaction between anthropogenic and biogenic sources in ozone mitigation in the North China Plain.

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Cropland nitrogen dioxide emissions and effects on the ozone pollution in the North China plain

Cited by 25 publications

References 84 publications

Impacts of Agricultural Soil NO_x Emissions on O₃ Over Mainland China

Impacts of Agricultural Soil NO_x Emissions on O₃ Over Mainland China

Farming the planet with better nitrogen use

Soil Emissions of Reactive Nitrogen Accelerate Summertime Surface Ozone Increases in the North China Plain

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Cropland nitrogen dioxide emissions and effects on the ozone pollution in the North China plain

Cited by 25 publications

References 84 publications

Impacts of Agricultural Soil NOx Emissions on O3 Over Mainland China

Impacts of Agricultural Soil NOx Emissions on O3 Over Mainland China

Farming the planet with better nitrogen use

Soil Emissions of Reactive Nitrogen Accelerate Summertime Surface Ozone Increases in the North China Plain

Contact Info

Product

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About

Impacts of Agricultural Soil NO_x Emissions on O₃ Over Mainland China

Impacts of Agricultural Soil NO_x Emissions on O₃ Over Mainland China