Crops, Nitrogen, Water: Are Legumes Friend, Foe, or Misunderstood Ally?

Adams, Mark A.; Buchmann, Nina; Sprent, Janet I.; Buckley, Thomas N.; Turnbull, Tarryn L.

doi:10.1016/j.tplants.2018.02.009

Cited by 44 publications

(36 citation statements)

References 104 publications

(104 reference statements)

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“…When fertilized at 150 kg N ha -1 in 2015, the dry matter yields of mixture and timothy were increased. However, high fertilization rate did not increase the dry matter yield of red clover, possibly explained by inhibition of nodulation of rhizobia due to surplus soil N (Streeter and Wong 1988), which results in a decrease in BNF (Adams et al 2018). Interestingly, the yields of mixture plots in the unfertilized control were higher than those of red clover and timothy in fertilized treatments in 2014, which indicated the advantages of mixture in increasing contributions from BNF.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 95%

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Advantages of grass-legume mixture for improvement of crop growth and reducing potential nitrogen loss in a boreal climate

Penttinen

Mikkola

et al. 2019

AFSci

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A three-year field experiment was established to assess intercropping for sustainable forage production in Finland. In split-plot design, fertilizer treatment with unfertilized control, organic fertilizer, and synthetic fertilizer was the main plot factor, and crop treatment with fallow, red clover (Trifolium pratense), timothy (Phleum pratense), and a mixture of red clover and timothy was the sub-plot factor. Dry matter, carbon and nitrogen yields in mixture plots were highest with relatively high N% and the optimum C:N ratio (p < 0.05). Fertilization increased annual yields of mixture and timothy but not that of red clover. Soil NO3-N changed over time (p < 0.05) and was highest in fallow, followed by red clover, mixture, and timothy (p < 0.05), and the decrease during late growing season was smaller in the mixture and timothy plots. At the end of the experiment, soil C/NO3-N ratio was higher in timothy and mixture while lower in red clover and fallow plots (p < 0.05), and the relationship between soil DNA and NO3-N content may indicate that the potential nitrogen loss was lower in mixture and timothy than that in fallow and red clover plots.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 95%

“…The symbiosis between legumes and rhizobia is an intricate system, the regulation of which is still only vaguely known. However, BNF seems usually to be sensitive to soil N. According to Adams et al (2018), BNF was stimulated if the soil around the legume rhizosphere lacked N, while it was inhibited if the soil N was in surplus.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Advantages of grass-legume mixture for improvement of crop growth and reducing potential nitrogen loss in a boreal climate

Penttinen

Mikkola

et al. 2019

AFSci

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“…A strong decrease in expression was again observed in nodules for the 3 genes. Symbiotic nitrogen fixation and nodule physiology are strongly sensitive to drought stress (Gil-Quintana et al, 2015; Kunert et al, 2016; Adams et al, 2018). Whether the MtHKT gene responses to drought and salt stress we report are merely a consequence of nodule senescence or contributed to nodule adaptation to osmotic/drought stress would be worth to be investigated.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

TheMedicago truncatulaHKT family: Ion transport properties and regulation of expression upon abiotic stresses and symbiosis

Thouin

Guo

Zribi

et al. 2019

Preprint

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Soil salinity is one of the most important abiotic stresses affecting plant growth. In legumes, symbiotic nitrogen fixation in nodules is affected by salt stress, and salinity tolerance is variable among species. Genes from the High affinity K + Transporter (HKT) family are known to play crucial roles in salt stress tolerance in different plant species. In legumes these transporters are still very poorly characterized. . Here we study the HKT transporter family from the model legume Medicago trunacatula, which is moderately tolerant to salinity. The genome of this species comprises five HKT genes, hereafter named MtHKT1;1 to MtHKT1;5. Phylogenetic analysis indicated that the MtHKT polypeptides belong to HKT subfamily 1. Three members (MtHKT1;2, MtHKT1;4 and MtHKT1;5) of the Medicago truncatula family were cloned and expressed in Xenopus oocytes. Their electrophysiological properties revealed a permeability 10 times higher for Na + than for K + and varying rectification properties. Expression analyses of the three MtHKT genes under different biotic and abiotic conditions suggested that MtHKT1;5 is the main transporter from this family in the root, the three genes sharing a decrease of expression in drought and salt stress conditions in non inoculated plants as well as plants inoculated with rhizobia. In the shoot, the three MtHKT would be present at similar levels independently on the applied stresses. Based on biomass and ion content analysis, the nodule appeared as the most sensitive organ to the applied salt and drought stresses. The level of expression of the three MtHKT genes was strongly decreased by both stresses in the nodule.Soil salinity is one of the most important abiotic stresses affecting plant growth (Munns et Gilliham, 2015). Most crop species are poorly tolerant to salt stress and displays reduced yields when the electrical conductivity of the soil solution (at saturation) becomes higher than ca. 4 dS/m (USDA-ARS, 2008), i.e. higher than that of a solution containing ca. 40 mM NaCl and, which generates an osmotic pressure of approximately 0.2 MPa (Munns et Tester, 2008; Marschner, 2012). Such soils are then classified as saline. Natural salinity and salinization due to irrigation with poor quality water challenge agriculture in 6 % to 10 % of the earth's land area (Eynard et al., 2005; Munns et Tester, 2008). Enhanced demand for irrigation due to both population increase and climate change, are predicted to dramatically speed up loss of arable land (Eckholm, 1975; Shabala et al., 2014).Soil salinity results in both an osmotic and an ionic stress for most plants. Osmotic stress results from the fact that high external salt concentrations reduce soil water availability due to the decrease in water potential, and thus make it harder for roots to extract water, which is a situation resembling drought. The so-called ionic stress corresponds to the fact that high salt concentrations within the plant tissues have deleterious effects on plant metabolism and physiology. Molecular, genetic and physiolog...

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“…One of these is soil appropriate management. As described by Adams et al (2018) the rates of biological nitrogen fixation (BNF) in agriculture remain low, with strong negative feedback to BNF from reactive soil nitrogen (N) and drought. Grain legumes show strong relations between leaf nitrogen and water use efficiency.…”

Section: Soil Physicochemical Properties Of the Study Terrainsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of terrains’ soil and altitude on performance of Abyssinian pea (Pisum sativum var. abyssinicum A. Braun) landraces of Ethiopia

Tsegay

Gebreegziabher

2019

Biodiversitas

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Abstract. Tsegay BA, Gebreegziabher BG. 2019. Effects of terrains’ soil and altitude on performance of Abyssinian pea (Pisum sativum var. abyssinicum A.Braun) landraces of Ethiopia. Biodiversitas 20: 3467-3477. Pea production in Ethiopia is mainly located in the highlands. Field-based agronomic performance evaluation of Abyssinian pea landraces at different altitudes and soil types are rarely explored. This study was conducted to assess the effects of soil composition and altitude on morphological and yield traits of three landraces. The experimental investigation used was a completely randomized block design. Morphological and yield traits of the landraces considered in this study varied across agroecology. The variations were due to soil nutrient differences, altitude of the agroecology and their interactions. Soil samples collected from the mid-altitude had the highest pH of 7.71±0.07. Cation exchange capacity of this soil was found to be 45.46±0.71, in covenant with the approximate cation exchange capacity of most soils (>40 CEC meq/100 g soil) around neutral pH. This agroecology was found to be best for overall performance of the landraces. In the highland terrain, the landraces were less vigorous and shorter in height. In the lowland terrain, landraces were taller in height but gave low yield. Gedober 2017 landrace performed best in seed yield (6.00±0.11g/plant) and harvest index (0.32±0.43) at the mid-altitude. From this study, farmers are mindful to cultivate Gedober 2017 landrace at midland and highland pea production potential areas of Ethiopia.

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Crops, Nitrogen, Water: Are Legumes Friend, Foe, or Misunderstood Ally?

Cited by 44 publications

References 104 publications

Advantages of grass-legume mixture for improvement of crop growth and reducing potential nitrogen loss in a boreal climate

Advantages of grass-legume mixture for improvement of crop growth and reducing potential nitrogen loss in a boreal climate

TheMedicago truncatulaHKT family: Ion transport properties and regulation of expression upon abiotic stresses and symbiosis

Effects of terrains’ soil and altitude on performance of Abyssinian pea (Pisum sativum var. abyssinicum A. Braun) landraces of Ethiopia

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