Crops Tolerant of Salinity and Other Mineral Stresses

Epstein, Emanuel

doi:10.1002/9780470720783.ch6

Cited by 24 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 19 publications

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“…() advocated the development of crops tolerant to salinity as a strategy to overcome this enduring problem. Since then, there have been numerous reports and reviews dealing with the development of salt‐tolerant crops (Epstein , Richards , Shannon and Qualset , Staple and Toennissen , Shannon , Foolad , , , Munns et al. , Ashraf et al.…”

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confidence: 99%

Crop breeding for salt tolerance in the era of molecular markers and marker‐assisted selection

2012

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Crop salt tolerance (ST) is a complex trait affected by numerous genetic and non-genetic factors, and its improvement via conventional breeding has been slow. Recent advancements in biotechnology have led to the development of more efficient selection tools to substitute phenotypebased selection systems. Molecular markers associated with genes or quantitative trait loci (QTLs) affecting important traits are identified, which could be used as indirect selection criteria to improve breeding efficiency via marker-assisted selection (MAS). While the use of MAS for manipulating simple traits has been streamlined in many plant breeding programmes, MAS for improving complex traits seems to be at infancy stage. Numerous QTLs have been reported for ST in different crop species; however, few commercial cultivars or breeding lines with improved ST have been developed via MAS. We review genes and QTLs identified with positive effects on ST in different plant species and discuss the prospects for developing crop ST via MAS. With the current advances in marker technology and a better handling of genotype by environment interaction effects, the utility of MAS for breeding for ST will gain momentum.

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confidence: 99%

Crop breeding for salt tolerance in the era of molecular markers and marker‐assisted selection

2012

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“…It is the uptake of heavy metals by the root system, and then translocation to the shoot system (stems and leaves). This technique is appropriate for plants with high vegetative biomass and not edible for humans and livestock (Epstein 1983;Van Epps 2006). After harvesting these plants, they can be utilized in gaining energy and for various industrial activities providing that metals in their products are recycled (Lasat 2000;Al-Thani and Yasseen 2020).…”

Section: Methods Of Phytoremediationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Perspectives of future water sources in Qatar by phytoremediation: biodiversity at ponds and modern approach

Al‐Thani

Yasseen

2021

International Journal of Phytoremediation

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Anthropogenic and industrial wastewater (IWW) could be an additional future source of water to support the needs of the people of the State of Qatar. New lagoons have been built using modern technologies to optimize water use and waste recycling, as well as increasing the green spaces around the country. To achieve successful development of these new lagoons, lessons should be learned from the old ponds by examining their biodiversity, ecology, and the roles played by aquatic plants and algae to remediate wastewaters at these ponds. The perspectives of using IWW (from oil and gas activities), that is currently pumped deep into the ground are presented. Instead of causing great damage to groundwater, IWW can be stored in artificial ponds prepared for ridding it of all impurities and pollutants of various types, organic and inorganic, thereby making it serviceable for various human uses. Phycoremediation, bioremediation, and phytoremediation methods adopted by algae, bacteria and aquatic native plants are discussed, and special attention should be paid to those that proved successful in removing heavy metals and degrading organic compounds. At least three native plants namely: Amaranthus viridis, Phragmites australis, and Typha domingensis should be paid special attention, since these plants are efficient in remediation of arsenic and mercury; elements found abundantly in wastewater of gas activities. Some promising modern and innovative experiences and biotechnologies to develop efficient transgenic plants and microorganisms in removing and degrading pollutants are discussed, as an important strategy to keep the ecosystem clean and safe. Novelty statementIndustrial wastewater (IWW) could be an alternative source of water at the Arabian Gulf region. Currently, IWW is pumped deep into the ground causing a great damage to groundwater; little information about this issue has been reported. Such IWW can be stored in artificial ponds designed for ridding them of all impurities of various types; various remediation methods can be used. Modern biotechnology to develop transgenic plants and microorganisms to enhance these remediation methods can be adopted.

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“…However, potassium found in leaves of Black barley can be considered as an inorganic compatible osmolyte, and might partially fulfill the requirements for osmotic balance across the tonoplast (Delauney andVerma, 1993, Thiery et al, 2004), and could have contributed to maintaining growth rate and duration of growth processes under salt stress. Moreover, potassium accumulation in Black barley leaves could have played a role in improving water status (Rascio et al, 2001) and saving carbon skeletons and the energy of assimilates to build new cells instead of synthesizing molecules like proline to maintain osmoregulation (Bernstein, 1963;Epstein, 1983;Yasseen, 1992;Abbas, 2008). Finally, it can be concluded that the adverse effects of salinity on various physiological and biochemical aspects in plants can come from the differences in the methods of osmotic adjustment and osmoregulation in plant tissues, and the differences between plant species in achieving osmotic adjustment could explain the differences in salt tolerance.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Changes in growth variables and potassium content in leaves of Black Barley in response to NaCl

Abu-Al-Basal

Yasseen

2009

Braz. J. Plant Physiol.

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Much attention is being focused on the Black barley (Hordeum distichum L.) as a local cultivar offering good model for a cereal crop has traits of resistance to drought and salinity during vegetative growth stages. Although Black was sensitive to salt stress during germination, it developed gradual tolerance with age and proved very tolerant during growth and development stages. The data of study clearly revealed how this cultivar was superior over Arivat (Hordeum vulgare L.) in many physiological aspects such as leaf growth variables (i.e. rate and duration) and processes (i.e. cell division), tiller production and potassium content. Black barley had more tillers, faster rate and longer duration of growth processes which was accompanied with potassium accumulation, as sodium chloride concentration increased in the growth medium. Thus, the ability of Black cultivar to accumulate K + could have promoted growth variables (i.e. faster rate and longer duration of growth processes). Arivat, on the other hand, might have suffered from K + deficiency; which could explain the adverse effect of salt stress on leaf growth variables and processes. Moreover, the relative water content (RWC) and proline can clearly distinguish the two cultivars; RWC was higher and proline concentration was lower in leaves of Black as compared with Arivat. Therefore, Black barley proved efficient in maintaining growth, ion homeostasis, and might sacrifice less in growth under osmotic stress conditions. The possible mechanism of the effect of sodium chloride on potassium accumulation in Black barley is discussed.

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Crops Tolerant of Salinity and Other Mineral Stresses

Cited by 24 publications

References 19 publications

Crop breeding for salt tolerance in the era of molecular markers and marker‐assisted selection

Crop breeding for salt tolerance in the era of molecular markers and marker‐assisted selection

Perspectives of future water sources in Qatar by phytoremediation: biodiversity at ponds and modern approach

Changes in growth variables and potassium content in leaves of Black Barley in response to NaCl

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