Cross-Cultural and Gender Differences in ADHD Among Young Adults

Gómez-Benito, Juana; Vijver, Fons J. R. van de; Balluerka, Nekane; Caterino, Linda C.

doi:10.1177/1087054715611748

Cited by 18 publications

(18 citation statements)

References 45 publications

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“…The total ASRS‐v1.1 Symptom Checklist score estimated in this study suggests that the overall level of ADHD symptoms in the US general adult population (most of whom do not have ADHD) is quite low. Results were consistent with prior research that showed higher ADHD symptom severity among younger and female adults . The normative data generated for the ASRS‐v1.1 Symptom Checklist in this study can be used to assess the deviance of individual scores in clinical settings.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 88%

“…Results were consistent with prior research that showed higher ADHD symptom severity among younger and female adults. 15,16 The normative data generated for the ASRS-v1.1 Symptom Checklist in this study can be used to assess the deviance of individual scores in clinical settings. By placing scores in the appropriate demographic context, the results of this study help guide clinicians in understanding a patient's symptom profile and symptom burden, based on his/her ASRS-v1.1 Symptom Checklist score.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…One issue that limits the ability to study the burden of ADHD symptoms using the ASRS‐v.1.1 Symptom Checklist is that, although normative data are available for referred populations, such norms have not been examined, to date, in a general population for this measure. Furthermore, because evidence suggests ADHD prevalence and symptom severity may differ based upon demographic distinctions, such as sex or age, it is important to develop demographic group norms. Thus, a key aim of the current study was to estimate United States (US) adult population norms for the ASRS‐v1.1 Symptom Checklist, both overall and by sex and age.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Establishing US norms for the Adult ADHD Self-Report Scale (ASRS-v1.1) and characterising symptom burden among adults with self-reported ADHD

et al. 2018

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Summary Aims To estimate Adult ADHD Self‐Report Scale ( ASRS ‐v1.1) Symptom Checklist normative total scores among the US adult general population and to evaluate overall attention‐deficit hyperactivity disorder ( ADHD ) symptom burden among US adults with ADHD . Methods Prior 2012 and 2013 US National Health and Wellness Survey respondents were re‐contacted. Demographics, comorbidities, and ASRS ‐v1.1 data were collected. ASRS ‐v1.1 scores were compared by sex, age, ADHD diagnosis, and ADHD medication use. Group differences were evaluated using chi‐square tests and independent samples t‐ tests for categorical and continuous variables, respectively. Results Of 22 397 respondents, 465 self‐reported being diagnosed with ADHD by a physician; of these, 174 self‐reported using ADHD medication. The mean ASRS ‐v1.1 total score was 2.0 ( SD = 3.2); scores differed by age and sex (all, P < 0.001). ADHD (vs no ADHD ) was associated with depression (58.1% vs 18.0%), anxiety (53.1% vs 16.0%), and sleep difficulties (37.0% vs 14.0%) (all, P < 0.001). ADHD medication use (vs no use) was associated with depression (68.4% vs 51.9%), anxiety (67.2% vs 44.7%), panic disorder (25.9% vs 17.2%), and insomnia (27.6% vs 19.6%) (all, P < 0.05). ADHD (vs no ADHD ) respondents scored higher on all 18 ASRS ‐v1.1 items (all, P < 0.05). Medication users (vs non‐users) scored higher on six items (all, P < 0.05). Discussion Adult ADHD may be undertreated or sub‐optimally treated, despite a high symptom burden. Normative data will allow comparisons with individuals’ scores to support the assessment of ADHD symptom burden among adults. Conclusion Findings highlight the importance of assessing ADHD symptom burden, especially among adults presenting with comorbidities.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 88%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Establishing US norms for the Adult ADHD Self-Report Scale (ASRS-v1.1) and characterising symptom burden among adults with self-reported ADHD

et al. 2018

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“…The diagnosis of ADHD is influenced by cultural factors, meaning that tolerance of hyperactive behavior may differ across cultures. Therefore, ADHD would not be as noticeable by adults in some cultures ( 60 ). Cultural attitudes also influence the type of care patients prefer, accessibility of health care services, and level of trust in health care systems ( 61 ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The prevalence of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder in Iran: An updated systematic review

Shooshtari

Shariati

Kamalzadeh

et al. 2021

mjiri

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“…Dissimilarities may result from differential tolerance of inappropriate behavior across cultures, e.g. cross-cultural differences in authoritative parenting style could be relevant [15]. There are also signifi cant ethnic differences in knowledge and sources of information concerning ADHD and the use of out-of-school behavioral health services [16].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Epidemiology and diagnosis of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder in the Arab and Jewish populations in Israel

Jaber¹,

Hamed²,

Grossman³

et al. 2020

Arch Community Med Public Health

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Aims: The aims of our study were to understand the factors shaping the gap in the literature concerning the Israeli Arab population, and to enhance the knowledge of Attention Defi cit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) among this population, and provide information to health professionals. Methods: Retrospective data was collected from medical records in outpatient clinics between the years 2005-2017. Data included 474 Arab and 292 Jewish children aged 5 to 18 years. Results: Main reason for referral was inattention symptoms (44.4%) in Arabs, and academic problems (42.8%) in Jews. Arab preschoolers were mainly hyperactive, whereas adolescents complained about academic diffi culties. Arab girls reported inattention symptoms, whereas boys complained of aggressive behavior. ADHD combined subtype (ADHD-C) was the most common subtype in both populations. ADHD-C was more prevalent in preschoolers, and ADHD Inattentive subtype (ADHD-I) was more prevalent between ages 11.1 to 15 years. We found an association between language delay and ADHD in both populations. Conclusion: ADHD characteristics among Israeli Arab and Jewish populations were mainly similar, and analogous with global results.

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Cross-Cultural and Gender Differences in ADHD Among Young Adults

Abstract: Findings extend existing data and suggest a relationship between culture and the development of ADHD, which might be mediated by parenting style.

Cited by 18 publications

References 45 publications

Establishing US norms for the Adult ADHD Self-Report Scale (ASRS-v1.1) and characterising symptom burden among adults with self-reported ADHD

Establishing US norms for the Adult ADHD Self-Report Scale (ASRS-v1.1) and characterising symptom burden among adults with self-reported ADHD

The prevalence of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder in Iran: An updated systematic review

Epidemiology and diagnosis of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder in the Arab and Jewish populations in Israel

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