“…For this, we use the approach used by Dredze, Osborne & Kambadur (2016) where city names present in the user profile location are mapped to corresponding country names based on the Geoname ( https://pypi.org/project/geonames/ ) world gazetteer. We borrow the list of required countries from Annamoradnejad et al (2019) where authors have used a list of 22 countries, namely Arab countries, Argentina, Australia, Brazil, Canada, China, Colombia, France, Germany, India, Indonesia, Iran, Italy, Japan, Korea, Philippines, Russia, Spain, Thailand, Turkey, UK (United Kingdom), USA(United States of America) . Arab Countries is a group of countries with a similar culture, so we merged tweets from all Arab Countries .…”