Cross-infection effect of polymers of historic and heritage significance on the degradation of a cellulose reference test material

Curran, Katherine; Možir, Alenka; Underhill, Mark; Gibson, Lorraine T.; Fearn, Tom; Strlič, Matija

doi:10.1016/j.polymdegradstab.2013.12.019

Cited by 50 publications

(32 citation statements)

References 18 publications

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“…Experiment replication, comparison with control conditions, and a focus only on high peaks in the GC-MS analysis evident in all three repetitions of each test made it possible to obtain meaningful results even in high RH conditions. "Cross infection" or cross-effects of different pollutants in a given environment was not tested here but remains a concern (Tétreault 2003, andCurran et al 2014), i.e., cross infection may involve VOCs emitted from multiple materials in one environment. Our experiments tested only one material in each vessel and therefore did not deal directly with this subject, but there still remains the question of competition between different VOCs from a single material.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…However, Strlič et al (2010) admit that visible changes from these substances are likely to occur long after actual chemical deterioration starts, and organic materials may respond to a different range of pollutants than the three metal coupons in the classical Oddy test. Curran et al (2014) noted that degradation reactions often begin prior to any visually evident damage on an organic substance. Daniels and Ward (1982), Odegaard et al (2000), and Thickett and Lee (2004) proposed the use of a series of microchemical spot tests as an alternative to the Oddy test to identify pollutants in cases where time restrictions apply.…”

Section: Evaluating Potential Risk To Organic Objectsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…For example, several researchers subjected papers made of pure cellulose to aging conditions to examine adsorbence by an organic substrate and provide a standard reference of organic materials (5 days at 100uC [Strlič et al 2010]; 14 days at 80uC [Curran et al 2014]). Other examples demonstrate the use of solid sorbents to trap VOCs.…”

Section: Evaluating Potential Risk To Organic Objectsmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Oddy Tests: Adding the Analytical Dimension

Beiner

Lavi

Seri³

et al. 2015

Collection Forum

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Abstract.-The so-called "Oddy test" has gained popularity in art and archaeology collections because it is inexpensive to use, and the results are relatively easy to analyze. However, the method is also subjective and does not identify the pollutants. Here we present a modification to the traditional test that addresses these drawbacks and aims at providing solutions. Activated carbon was used to adsorb the volatile emissions generated within the standard Oddy test setup. Gas chromatographymass spectrometry (GC-MS) analysis of the volatile organic compounds (VOCs) desorbed from the activated carbon detected pollutants within a considerably shorter time frame than the traditional Oddy test and provided both qualitative and quantitative data. GC-MS analysis of volatiles offgassed during the Oddy test provided information about the VOCs from local brands of materials commonly used for conservation and storage of objects in collections. The use of GC-MS analysis of volatiles improves the Oddy test in a fast, sensitive, and quantitative manner.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Evaluating Potential Risk To Organic Objectsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Evaluating Potential Risk To Organic Objectsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Oddy Tests: Adding the Analytical Dimension

Beiner

Lavi

Seri³

et al. 2015

Collection Forum

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“…Furthermore, it is a well-known type of paper, which allows the data to be used and compared with previous research. It has been used previously to approximate the effect of the environment on organic materials [12]. Since the sample pH is close to neutral, it is likely susceptible to both acid-catalysed cellulose degradation and oxidation,…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The effect of particulate matter on paper degradation

Grau-Bové

Budič²,

Cigić

et al. 2016

Herit Sci

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Background: In this work we explore the chemical effects of particulate matter on paper. We exposed paper made of pure cellulose to the environment in different locations in central London, outdoors (in sheltered conditions) and indoors, for a period of up to 6 months. We monitored particulate matter (PM) deposition by counting the particles deposited every month with a scanning electron microscope. We analysed elemental composition of the deposited particles using inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry. After accelerated degradation of the exposed samples, we determined the degree of polymerisation using viscometry. Results:We observed higher deposition rates and higher metal concentration outdoors than indoors. Elemental analysis of the deposited particles revealed the presence of some transition metals (Fe, Cu, Cr) that can contribute to the degradation of cellulose fibres through the Fenton reaction. By comparing the degree of polymerisation of protected, unprotected and unexposed samples we could determine the relative contribution of PM deposition on the increase of the degradation rate. We found that the surface concentration of iron correlates with the reduction in the degree of polymerisation of the exposed paper. Conclusions:The results suggest that the presence of Fenton metals in PM has a significant effect on the acceleration of the degradation of cellulose. However, we estimate that this will unlikely occur at the levels of area coverage by PM that are typically avoided in indoor heritage through preventive maintenance and cleaning.

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“…SPME was developed in the 1990s by Pawliszyn et al [36,37] and is used for extracting volatiles in the headspace over liquid and solid samples. It has been used successfully to extract and analyse VOCs from historic materials [38], including paper [39,40]. GC-MS techniques are routinely used to analyse perfumes and cosmetic preparations [41].…”

Section: Characterisation Of Smellsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Smell of heritage: a framework for the identification, analysis and archival of historic odours

Bembibre

Strlič

2017

Herit Sci

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We don't know much about the smells of the past. Yet, odours play an important role in our daily lives: they affect us emotionally, psychologically and physically, and influence the way we engage with history. Can this lead us to consider certain smells as cultural heritage? And if so, what would be the processes for the identification, protection and conservation of those heritage smells? In order to answer these questions, the connection between olfaction and heritage was approached in three ways: (1) through theoretical analysis of the concept and role of olfaction in heritage guidelines, leading to identification of places and practices where smell is fundamental to their identity, (2) through exploration of the evidence for use of smells in heritage as a tool to communicate with audiences; and (3) through experimental evaluation of the techniques and methods for analysing and archiving the smells, therefore enabling their documentation and preservation. We present this through the framework of Significance Assessment-Chemical Analysis-Sensory Analysis-Archiving. The smell of historic paper was chosen as the case study, based on its well-recognized cultural significance and available research. Odour characterization was achieved by collecting visitor descriptions of a historic book extract through a survey, and by conducting a sensory evaluation at a historic library. These were combined with the chemical information on the VOCs sampled from both a historic book and a historic library, to create the Historic Book Odour Wheel, a novel documentation tool representing the first step towards documenting and archiving historic smells.

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Cross-infection effect of polymers of historic and heritage significance on the degradation of a cellulose reference test material

Cited by 50 publications

References 18 publications

Oddy Tests: Adding the Analytical Dimension

Oddy Tests: Adding the Analytical Dimension

The effect of particulate matter on paper degradation

Smell of heritage: a framework for the identification, analysis and archival of historic odours

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