Cross-Linking of Papers Based on Thermomechanical Pulp Fibers by Polycarboxylic Acids: Influence on the Wet Breaking Length

Awada, Houssein; Montplaisir, Daniel; Daneault, Claude

doi:10.1021/ie500101n

Cited by 21 publications

(21 citation statements)

References 17 publications

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“…The peaks at 1710-1740 cm −1 in cross-linked samples (with and without SHP) were related to the ester bond (-COO) made by the cross-linking of the cellulose chains with citric acid. Owing to the removal of unbound citric acid and catalysts by washing (repeated times and reaching to neutral pH: 5-6), the presence of the carboxyl peak confirmed chemical linkages between citric acid and cellulose chains [31,42,43]. In addition, the cross-linking process did not shift the position of the bands in the ATR-FTIR spectra, and except for the COO bond, the sample peaks did not show any specific difference.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 90%

“…Citric acid first forms a five-member cyclic anhydride intermediate at an elevated temperature by integrating two adjacent carboxyl groups. The anhydride intermediate then reacts with the hydroxyl group of cellulose chains to form an ester bond [28,[42][43][44]. Figure 2 shows the differences between the purified and cross-linked BC in color and thickness.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Suggested mechanism for the cross-linking process of bacterial cellulose with citric acid with regard to the conventional cross-linking of cellulose using citric acid in the presence of acid catalysts[42,43] The images of a PBC and b XBC (CA 20% + SHP 10%) in the dry state…”

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confidence: 99%

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Preventing the collapse of 3D bacterial cellulose network via citric acid

et al. 2018

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Bacterial cellulose (BC) is a three-dimensional interconnected network of biosynthesized nanofibers. Its rehydration potential would be reduced significantly after its first drying, as a result of entanglement and jamming of cellulose polymer chains. Consequently, its versatility would be also reduced to some limited applications in which repeated water absorbance potential is not of great importance. This study aims to prevent the drawback of carboxylic bridging/cross-linking between cellulose polymer chains. Ten-day-cultured BC pellicles were immersed in various citric acid solutions (as bridging agent) and cured at 160 °C for 5 min. The formation of bridges was confirmed using attenuated total reflection-fourier transform infrared spectroscopy. Scanning electron microscope images showed that there is a different porosity bridged/cross-linked BC specimens (XBC). According to Brunauer-Emmett-Teller analysis, the surface area of XBC (20 w/v % with catalyst) got 87.5 times larger than that of the unbridged/pristine BC (PBC). X-ray diffraction patterns showed no change of crystallinity of XBC in comparison with PBS. The thickness and wettability of XBC samples were 137 and 3.27 times more than PBC samples orderly. Furthermore, the water swelling rate increased significantly for XBC in comparison with PBC. Meanwhile, treated samples had lower elongation and strength than normal BC. The conclusion is that XBC could conserve its repeated absorbency potential after the presented process.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 90%

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Preventing the collapse of 3D bacterial cellulose network via citric acid

et al. 2018

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“…[ 29–31 ] According to literature, cellulosic paper treated with BTCA crosslinking presented enhanced mechanical properties. [ 32,33 ] BTCA crosslinking could consume hydroxyl groups and change the molecular structure and composition of cellulose, thereby reducing its polarizability. However, whether BTCA crosslinking can decrease the dielectric constant of insulating paper remains unknown.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Preparation of Cellulose Insulating Paper with Low Dielectric Constant by BTCA Esterification Crosslinking

Yang

Hou

et al. 2020

Macro Materials & Eng

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This study aims to decrease the dielectric constant of kraft paper by 1,2,3,4‐butanetetracarboxylic acid (BTCA) esterification crosslinking. Kraft paper samples are treated with various concentrations of BTCA to prepare modified paper with different reaction degrees. Morphology and surface chemical composition are characterized. The dielectric constant and loss of the plain and modified paper are also investigated. Results show that esterification occurs successfully between cellulose molecular chain and BTCA. The intrinsic dielectric constant and loss of 6 g L−1 BTCA‐treated paper decrease by 23.5% and 36.3%, respectively, at 50 Hz. The esterification can reduce the hydroxyl amounts on cellulose. The formed crosslinking network between the cellulose chains restricts the cellulose orientation polarization, thereby reducing cellulose polarizability. The electrical strength, mechanical properties, and thermal behavior of the samples are explored to evaluate comprehensively the modifying effect. BTCA esterification crosslinking proves to be a promising method for decreasing the dielectric constant of kraft paper.

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“…In our previous work, polycarboxylic acids such as 1,2,3,4- butanetetracarboxylic acid (BTCA) and citric acid (CA), were used to chemically cross-linked paper sheets prepared from TMP fibers in the presence of SHP as catalyst ( Awada et al, 2014 ). This esterification improved the wet tensile index of paper sheets.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

High strength paper production based on esterification of thermomechanical pulp fibers in the presence of poly(vinyl alcohol)

Awada

Bouatmane

Daneault

2015

Heliyon

Self Cite

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Thermomechanical pulp (TMP) fibers, generally used to produce newspapers and carton materials, have poor inter- and intra-fiber bonding contributing to low strength properties. Poly(vinyl alcohol) (PVOH) was applied as a co-additive of 1,2,3,4-butanetetracarboxylic acid (BTCA), in the presence of sodium hypophosphite (SHP) as a catalyst, to esterify paper sheets based on TMP fibers. Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy technique was used to confirm the formation of the ester bond. The effects of curing temperature, molar mass and mass amount of the PVOH on the tensile index were investigated. The increasing of the curing temperature improved further the wet tensile index. The presence of PVOH increased both the dry and the wet tensile index of the paper sheets. The rise of both the molar mass and the mass amount of PVOH improved the tensile index.

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Cross-Linking of Papers Based on Thermomechanical Pulp Fibers by Polycarboxylic Acids: Influence on the Wet Breaking Length

Cited by 21 publications

References 17 publications

Preventing the collapse of 3D bacterial cellulose network via citric acid

Preventing the collapse of 3D bacterial cellulose network via citric acid

Preparation of Cellulose Insulating Paper with Low Dielectric Constant by BTCA Esterification Crosslinking

High strength paper production based on esterification of thermomechanical pulp fibers in the presence of poly(vinyl alcohol)

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