Cross-Modal Plasticity and Speech Perception in Pre- and Postlingually Deaf Cochlear Implant Users

Buckley, Kristi A.; Tobey, Emily A.

doi:10.1097/aud.0b013e3181e8534c

Cited by 107 publications

(124 citation statements)

References 59 publications

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“…Specifically, crossmodal plasticity is only found in a correlational analysis (whereby the shorter the period of visual recovery, the higher the visual cortical responses to auditory stimulation; present study) and in multisensory conditions involving concurrent visual stimulation (Guerreiro et al, 2015). These results resemble those obtained in the domain of auditory restoration but after late-onset deafness: although crossmodal plasticity after cochlear implantation in deaf individuals is often reported (Doucet et al, 2006;Buckley and Tobey, 2011;Sandmann et al, 2012;Stropahl et al, 2015), a recent longitudinal study found that crossmodal visual responses within auditory areas decrease after auditory restoration, eventually reaching the level observed in normally hearing controls (Rouger et al, 2012).…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 57%

The Effect of Early Visual Deprivation on the Neural Bases of Auditory Processing

2016

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Transient congenital visual deprivation affects visual and multisensory processing. In contrast, the extent to which it affects auditory processing has not been investigated systematically. Research in permanently blind individuals has revealed brain reorganization during auditory processing, involving both intramodal and crossmodal plasticity. The present study investigated the effect of transient congenital visual deprivation on the neural bases of auditory processing in humans. Cataract-reversal individuals and normally sighted controls performed a speech-in-noise task while undergoing functional magnetic resonance imaging. Although there were no behavioral group differences, groups differed in auditory cortical responses: in the normally sighted group, auditory cortex activation increased with increasing noise level, whereas in the cataract-reversal group, no activation difference was observed across noise levels. An auditory activation of visual cortex was not observed at the group level in cataract-reversal individuals. The present data suggest prevailing auditory processing advantages after transient congenital visual deprivation, even many years after sight restoration.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 57%

The Effect of Early Visual Deprivation on the Neural Bases of Auditory Processing

2016

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“…In addition, cross-modal reorganization may occur, with mainly higher order auditory structures being recruited by other sensory modalities such as vision (Kral, 2007). This phenomenon is illustrated by Buckley & Tobey (2011), who showed that higher activation in the auditory cortex in response to peripheral visual movements was correlated with lower speech understanding scores in CI users with a prelingual onset of deafness. In conclusion, differences in auditory processing may explain the reduced speech understanding performance as compared to post-lingually deafened CI-users.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 75%

Fitting prelingually deafened adult cochlear implant users based on electrode discrimination performance

Debruyne

Francart

Janssen

et al. 2016

International Journal of Audiology

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Objective: This study investigated the hypotheses that (1) prelingually deafened CI users do not have perfect electrode discrimination ability and (2) the deactivation of non-discriminable electrodes can improve auditory performance. Design: Electrode discrimination difference limens were determined for all electrodes of the array. The subjects' basic map was subsequently compared to an experimental map, which contained only discriminable electrodes, with respect to speech understanding in quiet and in noise, listening effort, spectral ripple discrimination and subjective appreciation. Study Sample: Subjects were six prelingually deafened, late implanted adults using the Nucleus cochlear implant. Results: Electrode discrimination difference limens across all subjects and electrodes ranged from 0.5 to 7.125, with significantly larger limens for basal electrodes. No significant differences were found between the basic map and the experimental map on auditory tests. Subjective appreciation was found to be significantly poorer for the experimental map. Conclusions: Prelingually deafened CI users were unable to discriminate between all adjacent electrodes. There was no difference in auditory performance between the basic and experimental map. Potential factors contributing to the absence of improvement with the experimental map include the reduced number of maxima, incomplete adaptation to the new frequency allocation, and the mainly basal location of deactivated electrodes.

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“…Some studies have reported negative interference from visual inputs for auditory processing in deaf subjects (Doucet et al, 2006;Buckley and Tobey, 2011;Sandmann et al, 2012;Chen et al, 2016). Conversely, beneficial cross-modal effects for speech understanding have been reported, mainly in the postlingually deaf (Giraud et al, 2000;Rouger et al, 2007;Stropahl et al, 2015).…”

Section: Auditory Activation Of the Secondary Auditory Cortex In Deafmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cross-Modal Plasticity in Higher-Order Auditory Cortex of Congenitally Deaf Cats Does Not Limit Auditory Responsiveness to Cochlear Implants

et al. 2016

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Congenital sensory deprivation can lead to reorganization of the deprived cortical regions by another sensory system. Such cross-modal reorganization may either compete with or complement the "original" inputs to the deprived area after sensory restoration and can thus be either adverse or beneficial for sensory restoration. In congenital deafness, a previous inactivation study documented that supranormal visual behavior was mediated by higher-order auditory fields in congenitally deaf cats (CDCs). However, both the auditory responsiveness of "deaf" higherorder fields and interactions between the reorganized and the original sensory input remain unknown. Here, we studied a higher-order auditory field responsible for the supranormal visual function in CDCs, the auditory dorsal zone (DZ). Hearing cats and visual cortical areas served as a control. Using mapping with microelectrode arrays, we demonstrate spatially scattered visual (cross-modal) responsiveness in the DZ, but show that this did not interfere substantially with robust auditory responsiveness elicited through cochlear implants. Visually responsive and auditory-responsive neurons in the deaf auditory cortex formed two distinct populations that did not show bimodal interactions. Therefore, cross-modal plasticity in the deaf higher-order auditory cortex had limited effects on auditory inputs. The moderate number of scattered cross-modally responsive neurons could be the consequence of exuberant connections formed during development that were not pruned postnatally in deaf cats. Although juvenile brain circuits are modified extensively by experience, the main driving input to the cross-modally (visually) reorganized higher-order auditory cortex remained auditory in congenital deafness.

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Cross-Modal Plasticity and Speech Perception in Pre- and Postlingually Deaf Cochlear Implant Users

Cited by 107 publications

References 59 publications

The Effect of Early Visual Deprivation on the Neural Bases of Auditory Processing

The Effect of Early Visual Deprivation on the Neural Bases of Auditory Processing

Fitting prelingually deafened adult cochlear implant users based on electrode discrimination performance

Cross-Modal Plasticity in Higher-Order Auditory Cortex of Congenitally Deaf Cats Does Not Limit Auditory Responsiveness to Cochlear Implants

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