Cross-Reactivity of Some &lt;i&gt;Cryptosporidium&lt;/i&gt; Species with &lt;i&gt;Cryptosporidium parvum&lt;/i&gt; Coproantigen in a Commercial ELISA Kit

Ayinmode, AB; Fagbemi, Benjamin O.

doi:10.4314/nvj.v32i1.69004

Cited by 4 publications

(7 citation statements)

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“…Our data showed that Cryptosporidium infection was significantly higher among cattle aged 12 months and above compared to animals that were 12 months old and younger. This report is contrary to many other reports which suggested that Cryptosporidium infections were higher in younger animals than adults [ 35 , 37 , 38 ]. This is quite unexpected since younger animals, especially calves, are known to have reduced immunity and are therefore susceptibly prone to infection which normally leads to diarrhoea and other manifestations.…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 99%

“…Prevalence of Cryptosporidium species was also higher in female cattle than in their male counterparts, although the difference was not statistically significant ( p = 0.716). This report is comparable to a study done in the coastal and forest savannah transition zone of the Greater Accra region of Ghana [ 36 ] and in the Aizawl district in India [ 35 ] and another one among native cattle herds in Nigeria [ 37 ]. It is however contrary to a study in Nigeria which recorded a significantly higher prevalence of Cryptosporidium among male animals [ 37 , 40 ].…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 86%

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Cryptosporidium Infection and Associated Risk Factors among Cattle in the Central Region of Ghana

Dankwa

Feglo

Nuvor

et al. 2021

Journal of Parasitology Research

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Cryptosporidium species infects a wide number of animals including livestock all over the world. The current study was done to determine the prevalence and risk factors of Cryptosporidium infection among cattle in the Central Region of Ghana. Two hundred and eighty-seven (287) faecal samples were randomly collected from animals on eight cattle farms in four districts across two agroecological zones. A commercial enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay kit (CoproELISA, Savyon® Diagnostics Ltd., Israel) for Cryptosporidium was used in the detection of Cryptosporidium antigens in faecal samples. Characteristics of the animals such as age, sex, and location, as well as consistency of faecal samples, were collected. Pearson’s chi-square or Fisher’s exact test was used to determine the association between explanatory variables and Cryptosporidium infection while a logistic regression model was also used to determine the risk of infection. The overall prevalence of Cryptosporidium infection was 23.7% (95% CI, 18.7-28.6). Prevalence was significantly higher ( p = 0.049 ) among cattle aged 12-month old and above compared to those under 12 months of age. Among the four districts in the study area, Cape Coast metropolis recorded a significantly higher prevalence (60.5%; CI, 49.3-71.8), ( p < 0.001 ) compared to the other three. Furthermore, a significant association was observed between the consistency of faecal samples and Cryptosporidium infection ( p = 0.042 ). The prevalence of Cryptosporidium infection was also significantly higher among cattle from the coastal savanna zone (26.9%; 95% CI, 21.0-32.8) compared to those from the semideciduous forest area ( p = 0.017 ). Cattle in the forest zone had a lower risk of being infected with the parasite compared to those from the coastal savanna zone (OR 0.408; 95% CI, 0.182-0.915). In conclusion, Cryptosporidium was prevalent among cattle in the Central Region of Ghana. A higher prevalence of Cryptosporidium infection occurred in older animals and among animals in the coastal agroecological zone. The area of location and age of animals were identified as risk factors for Cryptosporidium infection in the Central Region of Ghana.

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Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 86%

Cryptosporidium Infection and Associated Risk Factors among Cattle in the Central Region of Ghana

Dankwa

Feglo

Nuvor

et al. 2021

Journal of Parasitology Research

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“…The ELISA is however a less sensitive method in detecting the species of Cryptosporidium infecting the animals in the study. This is associated with the cross reactivity with other Cryptosporidium species identified by PCR-based molecular techniques as reported by Ayinmode & Fagbemi (2011). Previous reports revealed that not all C. parvum isolates are infective to humans as some of these isolates have been found to be host-adapted (Alves et al, 2006;Xiao et al, 2006;Couto et al, 2014), which reiterates the need to know the species of Cryptosporidium affecting the herd and their zoonotic potential therefore necessitating the use of molecular techniques in the detection, genotyping and characterization of the Cryptosporidium species found in these animals (Amer et al, 2013).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 75%

“…The need for rapid and costeffective diagnosis has led to the development of immunoassay techniques like immunofluorescence assay (IFA) and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). These methods are relatively easy to perform and interpret (Ayinmode & Fagbemi, 2011;Cho et al, 2012;Giadinis et al, 2012). However, neither microscopy nor ELISA can differentiate Cryptosporidium species and genotypes.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…However, neither microscopy nor ELISA can differentiate Cryptosporidium species and genotypes. Cryptosporidium species can only be identified by Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR)-based techniques (Monis and Thompson, 2003;Ayinmode and Fagbemi, 2011;Giardinis et al, 2012). In academic institutions, such as veterinary and animal-based colleges, where students and staff are in frequent contact with ruminants and pigs, the risk of humans contracting cryptosporidiosis may be high.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Occurrence of Cryptosporidium species coproantigens on a University teaching farm in Nigeria

Akinkuotu¹,

Fagbemi²

2014

Sokoto J. Vet. Sc.

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This study was carried out to assess the potential of animals, used for teaching and research, as a source of Cryptosporidium infection for students and staff of a University in Nigeria. Faecal samples from 185 animals reared on the teaching and research farm were collected and examined for Cryptosporidium spp. antigens by the use of an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). From all the samples evaluated, 35.7% (66/185) were positive for Cryptosporidium spp. antigens with an infection rate of 30.6% (15/49), 40.7% (22/54), 43.9% (18/41) and 26.8% (11/41) for cattle, sheep, goats and pigs respectively. The rate of infection was significantly higher (p<0.05) in pre-weaned animals (63.6%) than in the post-weaned (23.6%) and adult (29.1%) animals. The infection rates, 54.8% and 42.3%, for diarrhoeic and female animals were significantly higher (p<0.05) than in non-diarrhoeic and male animals respectively. The presence of coproantigens of Cryptosporidium spp. observed in stool samples of ruminants and pigs suggests that these animals may be considered as a potential reservoir of this protozoa, that is able to contaminate the environment, infect other domestic and wild animals and in some cases humans.Keywords: Cryptosporidium, ELISA, Nigeria, Pigs, Ruminants

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Cryptosporidium infection in cattle in Ogun state, Nigeria

Akinkuotu¹,

Fagbemi²,

Otesile³

et al. 2014

Sokoto J. Vet. Sc.

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The prevalence of Cryptosporidium spp. in cattle faeces in Ogun state, Nigeria was determined by a commercially produced enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay kit. Out of a total of 200 samples, 37.5% were positive for Cryptosporidium coproantigens. The highest rate of infection (78.1%) was observed in calves up to 3 months of age while adult cattle over 4 years of age had the lowest rate of infection (25.0%). There were significant differences (p<0.05) between the infection rates of the different age groups of cattle sampled. There was however no significant difference (p>0.05) between the infection rates in males (41.2%) and females (33.6%). Furthermore, the infection rate in diarrhoeic cattle (43.2%) was not significantly higher (p>0.05) than in non-diarrhoeic cattle (32.4%). The result of the study showed that the prevalence of cryptosporidiosis is high in cattle in southwestern part of Nigeria with calves being at the highest risk.Keywords: Cattle, Cryptosporidium, ELISA,Ogun state Nigeria.

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Cross-Reactivity of Some <i>Cryptosporidium</i> Species with <i>Cryptosporidium parvum</i> Coproantigen in a Commercial ELISA Kit

Cited by 4 publications

References 6 publications

Cryptosporidium Infection and Associated Risk Factors among Cattle in the Central Region of Ghana

Cryptosporidium Infection and Associated Risk Factors among Cattle in the Central Region of Ghana

Occurrence of Cryptosporidium species coproantigens on a University teaching farm in Nigeria

Cryptosporidium infection in cattle in Ogun state, Nigeria

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