Cross-section modelling laser cladding

Lemoine, F.; Grevey, D.; Vannes, A.B.

doi:10.2351/1.5058574

Cited by 7 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 2 publications

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“…Given that the underlying parametric analysis does not normally consider the dependence of the material deposition rate and the shape and dimensions of the transverse cross‐section of individual material tracks with the particular physical, optical and thermal properties of the feedstock material nor with the particular characteristics of the LPD system, these process maps have to be built specifically for each case. To overcome this limitation and gain a better understanding of the process, several researchers have developed models of the LPD process (Hoadley et al , 1990; Hoadley and Rappaz, 1992; Lemoine et al , 1993; Picasso et al , 1994b; Frenk et al , 1997; Toyserkani et al , 2003; Pinkerton and Li, 2004b; Han et al , 2004; Fathi et al , 2006) that allow predicting characteristic geometric features of the laser powder deposited material tracks in terms of the processing conditions and material properties. Many of these models are formulated using energy and mass balance considerations and some models also take into account various interactions between the powder particles, the laser beam and the molten pool, such as the attenuation of the laser beam power and the heating of the feedstock powder particles as these particles are blown through the laser beam.…”

Section: Materials Deposition Capabilities Of Laser Powder Depositionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Laser powder deposition

Costa

Vilar²

2009

Rapid Prototyping Journal

110

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PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to review the state of the art of laser powder deposition (LPD), a solid freeform fabrication technique capable of fabricating fully dense functional items from a wide range of common engineering materials, such as aluminum alloys, steels, titanium alloys, nickel superalloys and refractory materials.Design/methodology/approachThe main R&D efforts and the major issues related to LPD are revisited.FindingsDuring recent years, a worldwide series of R&D efforts have been undertaken to develop and explore the capabilities of LPD and to tap into the possible cost and time savings and many potential applications that this technology offers.Originality/valueThese R&D efforts have produced a wealth of knowledge, the main points of which are highlighted herein.

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Section: Materials Deposition Capabilities Of Laser Powder Depositionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Laser powder deposition

Costa

Vilar²

2009

Rapid Prototyping Journal

110

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“…Several approaches exist, based either on physico-computational models of the process or on empirical equations derived from statistical analysis of experimental data. Modelling of laser cladding requires taking into consideration phenomena such as mass and heat transfer, fluid flow and phase transformations, leading to a complex set of coupled equations [6,7,8,9,10,11,12]. In general these physical models are useful to investigate the influence of the processing parameters on the characteristics of the clad, but solving these equations usually requires numerical techniques and considerable computation time.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Simplified Semi-Empirical Method to Select the Processing Parameters for Laser Clad Coatings

Costa¹,

Felde

Réti

et al. 2003

MSF

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A semi-empirical method for selecting the processing parameters of laser cladding is proposed. This phenomenological approach uses simple mathematical formulae, derived from a statistical analysis of measured data, to relate the laser cladding parameters with the geometric features of the clad track. Given the prescribed clad height and available laser beam power, the proposed method allows to calculate values of the scanning speed and powder feed rate which are required to obtain low dilution, pore free coatings, fusion bonded to the substrate. To illustrate the application of this method, variable powder feed rate laser cladding experiments were carried out with Stellite 6 powder on mild steel substrates. In this technique the laser beam power and radius and the processing speed are kept constant, while the powder feed rate is varied along a single track length according to a specified linear function. The expressions derived from the model allowed to plot the experimental data in a coherent manner, revealing the combined role of the different processing parameters.

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“…In VOF model, the volume is partitioned into different cells, and the state of each cell is determined Individually [4]. In equation (6), Pp is the density of the powder material and the variable F expresses the fractional volume occupied by the fluid in that computational cell.…”

Section: Governing Equations Of Fluid Flow and Heat Transfermentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Particular advantages of this method are omnidirectional cladding, better protection from the ambient atmosphere, and relatively small HAZ value. Other advantages of the co-axial powder supply are the controlled heating of the powder before it enters melt pool and the higher powder efficiency [1][2][3][4]. There are approximately 12-14 variables which strongly influence the characteristics of the clad part.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Multiphase Approach In Numerical Modeling Of Laser Cladding Process With Coaxial Powder Injection

Kheloufi

Amara²

2008

AIP Conference Proceedings

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A 3-D transient numerical model based on the numerical resolution of fluid flow and heat transfer equations is developed for laser cladding with powder injection. The numerical study was performed in a co-ordinate system fixed to the base material (Lagrange description) and a moving laser beam with a constant scanning speed. In this study, the Volume Of Fluid (VOL) approach was adopted to deal with the liquid/gas interface boundary conditions. The model enables prediction of temperature field, shape and size of the molten zone, and the geometry of the deposited clad. A simple model for dilution is considered to analyze the clad quality. The effects of powder feed rate on temperature field, clad geometry, dilution factor, maximum temperatures in the melt pool and the heating and cooling rates are investigated.

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Cross-section modelling laser cladding

Cited by 7 publications

References 2 publications

Laser powder deposition

Laser powder deposition

A Simplified Semi-Empirical Method to Select the Processing Parameters for Laser Clad Coatings

A Multiphase Approach In Numerical Modeling Of Laser Cladding Process With Coaxial Powder Injection

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