Cross-shelf gradients of epipelagic zooplankton communities of the Beaufort Sea and the influence of localized hydrographic features

Smoot, Caitlin A.; Hopcroft, Russell R.

doi:10.1093/plankt/fbw080

Cited by 23 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 57 publications

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“…m −2 ) within the range previously observed during crossshelf transects in the same region (0 to >10,000 Ind. m −2 , Walkusz et al, 2010;Smoot and Hopcroft, 2017). Abundances measured in the Amundsen Gulf were similar to later season (September/October) sampling reported by Darnis et al (2008).…”

Section: Abundance and Growth Of The Pteropod Limacina Helicinasupporting

confidence: 85%

Biological Impact of Ocean Acidification in the Canadian Arctic: Widespread Severe Pteropod Shell Dissolution in Amundsen Gulf

et al. 2021

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Increasing atmospheric CO2, cold water temperatures, respiration, and freshwater inputs all contribute to enhanced acidification in Arctic waters. However, ecosystem effects of ocean acidification (derived from anthropogenic and/or natural sources) in the Arctic Ocean are highly uncertain. Zooplankton samples and oceanographic data were collected in August 2012–2014 and again in August 2017 to investigate the pelagic sea snail, Limacina helicina, a biological indicator of the presence and potential impact of acidified waters in the Canadian Beaufort Sea. Between 2012 and 2014 L. helicina abundance ranged from <1 to 1942 Ind. m–2, with highest abundances occurring at stations on the Canadian Beaufort Shelf in 2012. The majority of individuals (66%) were located between 25 and 100 m depth, corresponding to upper halocline water of Pacific origin. In both 2014 and 2017, >85% of L. helicina assessed (n = 134) from the Amundsen Gulf region displayed shell dissolution and advanced levels of dissolution occurred at all stations. The severity of dissolution was not significantly different between 2014 and 2017 despite the presence of larger individuals that are less prone to dissolution, and higher food availability that can provide some physiological benefits in 2014. Corrosive water conditions were not widespread in the Amundsen Gulf at the time of sampling in 2017, and aragonite undersaturation (Ωar < 1) occurred primarily at depths >150 m. The majority of dissolution was observed on the first whorl of the shells strongly indicating that damage was initiated during the larval stage of growth in May or early June when sea ice is still present. Evidence of shell modification was present in 2014, likely supported by abundant food availability in 2014 relative to 2017. The proportion of damaged L. helicina collected from coastal embayments and offshore stations is higher than in other Arctic and temperate locations indicating that exposure to corrosive waters is spatially widespread in the Amundsen Gulf region, and periods of exposure are extreme enough to impact the majority of the population.

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Section: Abundance and Growth Of The Pteropod Limacina Helicinasupporting

confidence: 85%

Biological Impact of Ocean Acidification in the Canadian Arctic: Widespread Severe Pteropod Shell Dissolution in Amundsen Gulf

et al. 2021

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“…The deep basins of the Arctic Ocean certainly harbor additional zooplankton species that await discovery and description, and eventual DNA barcoding. Much of what is known about Arctic zooplankton diversity has come from net-based collections during periods of low or no ice cover, due to difficulties in collecting during winter conditions, although a number of studies have also characterized the zooplankton assemblage during seasonal and multiyear ice cover (Mumm 1993;Harding 1966;Sirenko et al 1996;Kosobokova et al 1998Kosobokova et al , 2011Auel and Hagen 2002;Kosobokova 2012;Questel et al 2013;Hopcroft 2017a, Smoot andHopcroft 2017b). As the Arctic sea ice cover has degraded (Hanna et al 2021), both the lesser geographic extent and reduction in sea ice thickness, as well as the increasing number of ice-free days, are allowing continued oceanographic exploration in previously inaccessible regions.…”

Section: Arctic Oceanmentioning

confidence: 99%

Toward a global reference database of COI barcodes for marine zooplankton

et al. 2021

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Characterization of species diversity of zooplankton is key to understanding, assessing, and predicting the function and future of pelagic ecosystems throughout the global ocean. The marine zooplankton assemblage, including only metazoans, is highly diverse and taxonomically complex, with an estimated ~28,000 species of 41 major taxonomic groups. This review provides a comprehensive summary of DNA sequences for the barcode region of mitochondrial cytochrome oxidase I (COI) for identified specimens. The foundation of this summary is the MetaZooGene Barcode Atlas and Database (MZGdb), a new open-access data and metadata portal that is linked to NCBI GenBank and BOLD data repositories. The MZGdb provides enhanced quality control and tools for assembling COI reference sequence databases that are specific to selected taxonomic groups and/or ocean regions, with associated metadata (e.g., collection georeferencing, verification of species identification, molecular protocols), and tools for statistical analysis, mapping, and visualization. To date, over 150,000 COI sequences for ~ 5600 described species of marine metazoan plankton (including holo- and meroplankton) are available via the MZGdb portal. This review uses the MZGdb as a resource for summaries of COI barcode data and metadata for important taxonomic groups of marine zooplankton and selected regions, including the North Atlantic, Arctic, North Pacific, and Southern Oceans. The MZGdb is designed to provide a foundation for analysis of species diversity of marine zooplankton based on DNA barcoding and metabarcoding for assessment of marine ecosystems and rapid detection of the impacts of climate change.

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“…manuscript). Along the Beaufort Sea shelf, the Pacific water influence is most strongly seen in the benthic fauna until ~ 150° W where a biogeographic shift in benthic (Ravelo et al 2015) and also pelagic communities (Smoot and Hopcroft 2016) is obvious. This distribution shift agrees with long-term mooring measurements tracking Pacific waters along the shelf (Pickart et al 2013).…”

Section: Biogeographic Patternsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Biogeography of epibenthic assemblages in the central Beaufort Sea

Ravelo

Bluhm

Foster³

et al. 2020

Mar. Biodivers.

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Benthic communities change drastically in both biomass and community structure with increasing water depth on a global scale, attributed to a combination of food supply, environmental drivers, as well as physiological and competitive capacities. In the Arctic, benthic biogeographic patterns are additionally thought to be a result of the region's glaciation history. Here, we investigate gross epibenthic biomass and assemblage structure turnover with water mass from coastal to bathyal depths from 136 beam trawl samples collected in the Beaufort Sea. We test whether Pacific Boreal Arctic species have their core distribution in shelf water masses while Atlantic Boreal Arctic species have wider depth ranges. Gross biomass estimates differed statistically among water masses, with high values mostly under the influences of the Polar Mixed Layer and Arctic Halocline (outer shelf and upper slope, respectively). Stations in the Coastal Zone and Canada Basin Deep Water had the lowest biomass. Epibenthic assemblages also differed significantly among water masses, with high taxon richness in shelf water masses that decreased considerably with depth. Biomass of benthic taxa with Pacific Boreal Arctic affinity was essentially limited to the shelf, while Atlantic Boreal Arctic taxa occurred across a broad depth range, though their biomass increased in deeper water masses for mollusks and echinoderms, but not for decapods/isopods. Our results confirm earlier evidence of a strong Atlantic-Arctic deep-water connectivity reaching into the Pacific Arctic region and suggest new arrivals of species from the boreal Pacific are likely to settle on Pacific Arctic shelves, but are unlikely to invade continental slope and basin waters in the foreseeable future.

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Cross-shelf gradients of epipelagic zooplankton communities of the Beaufort Sea and the influence of localized hydrographic features

Cited by 23 publications

References 57 publications

Biological Impact of Ocean Acidification in the Canadian Arctic: Widespread Severe Pteropod Shell Dissolution in Amundsen Gulf

Biological Impact of Ocean Acidification in the Canadian Arctic: Widespread Severe Pteropod Shell Dissolution in Amundsen Gulf

Toward a global reference database of COI barcodes for marine zooplankton

Biogeography of epibenthic assemblages in the central Beaufort Sea

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