Cross-Species Amplification of Bovidae Microsatellites and Low Diversity of the Endangered Korean Goral

Abstract

The Korean goral (Nemorhaedus caudatus) is an endangered species of wild goat. The conservation and management of this species could benefit from a better understanding of its genetic diversity and structure. Cross-species amplification of 34 Bovidae microsatellite loci was tested on a panel of 6 Korean gorals and 10 domestic goats. After polymerase chain reaction (PCR) optimization, 29 (85.3%) microsatellite loci amplified successfully for the Korean gorals and 27 (79.4%) for the domestic goats. Of the amplified products, 16 (55.2%) were polymorphic in the Korean goral and 22 (81.5%) in domestic goats. Nei's unbiased mean heterozygosity and mean allele number per locus were, respectively, 0.356 and 2.6 in the Korean goral and 0.636 and 4.8 in domestic goats. Low genetic diversity in the Korean gorals observed in this preliminary microsatellite survey suggests an urgent need for further detailed study of genetic diversity in Korean goral populations and a population management strategy based on these studies. Current results of cross-species amplification of domestic Bovidae microsatellites could be employed for the necessary population genetic studies on the Korean goral and other endangered Caprinae species.

A Genetic and Cytogenetic Map for the Duck (Anas platyrhynchos)

“…species ranged from 16.23 to 62.89% (Moore et al 1991;Kemp et al 1995;Fields and Scribner 1997;Baratti et al 2001;Kayang et al 2002;Reed et al 2003;Kim et al 2004). Studies show that it was difficult to screen microsatellite markers for duck by cross-species amplification from chicken loci (Huang et al 2005).…”

Genetic diversity and population structure of the long-tailed goral, <i>Naemorhedus caudatus</i>, in South Korea

“…Since the genetic diversity of Korean goral populations is decreasing (Kim et al, 2004a), there is an urgent need to develop conservation projects to promote the recovery of both population size and distribution. Knowledge of the species' taxonomic status and population genetic structure is fundamental to developing effective strategies to this end (Lorenzini et al, 2004).…”

“…Min et al (2004) confirmed the phylogenetic relationship between long-tailed gorals and Japanese serows using partial mitochondrial DNA sequence, and also revealed that a Korean goral population is genetically closer to Russian than to Chinese populations. Kim et al (2004a) screened 34 Bovidae microsatellite markers through cross-species amplification of N. caudatus, and noted that the Korean goral population has the lowest level of heterozygosity among the Caprinae subfamily including goats, Alpine ibex and Spanish ibex. Additionally, An et al (2005) characterized 15 goral-specific microsatellite loci, and Kim et al (2008) reported molecular methods for species identification and sex determination for ungulate species of Korea.…”

Study of allele pool and genetic structure of russian population of lowland-caucasian line of European bison (Bison bonasus)

“…Мультиплексные панели микроса-теллитных маркеров, разработанные для домашних животных, могут быть с успехом использованы для оценки их диких сородичей [9,10]. В ряде иссле-дований было подтверждено, что гетерологичные микросателлиты домашне-го крупного рогатого скота (Bos taurus) могут применяться для характеристи-ки популяционной структуры и генеалогических связей различных видов трибы быков (Bovini) [11][12][13][14]. Так, 117 из 131 STR-маркера (94,3 %) оказались полиморфны у 10 особей домашнего яка (Poephagus grunniens) [12], у 11 осо-бей гаура 117 из 130 STR были кросс-амплифицированы (Bos gaurus) и 68 ло-кусов (58,1 %) оказались полиморфны [13].…”

“…Так, 117 из 131 STR-маркера (94,3 %) оказались полиморфны у 10 особей домашнего яка (Poephagus grunniens) [12], у 11 осо-бей гаура 117 из 130 STR были кросс-амплифицированы (Bos gaurus) и 68 ло-кусов (58,1 %) оказались полиморфны [13]. Исследование 34 STR у 6 горалов (Nemorhaedus caudatus) позволило успешно амплифицировать 29 локусов, из которых 16 (55,2 %) оказались полиморфными [11].…”