Crossability of Brassica tournefortii and B. rapa, and morphology and cytology of their F1 hybrids

Choudhary, B. R.; Joshi, P.

doi:10.1007/s001220000523

Cited by 19 publications

(10 citation statements)

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“…From the crosses, seven F 1 plants of B. juncea · toria and 11 F 1 s of B. juncea · yellow sarson were obtained without using an in vitro technique. For the chromosomal affinity study, cytological preparations were made as described by Choudhary and Joshi (2001a). Pollen fertility of individual plants was achieved by estimating the percentage of pollen stained by 1% aceto-carmine.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Such crosses in Brassica have been widely used to investigate crossability between species (Nishiyama et al 1991, Choudhary andJoshi 2001a) and to assess intergenomic relationships (Mizushima 1980, Attia et al 1987, Choudhary et al 2000, thus increasing the genetic understanding of the species. In addition to developing synthetic amphidiploids (Olsson 1960), interspecific crosses have been exploited to introgress desirable genes between the species (Roy 1984, Katiyar et al 1998), generating morpho-physiological variation (Prakash 1973a) and genetic diversity (Choudhary and Joshi 2001b).…”

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confidence: 99%

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Cytogenetics of Brassica juncea×Brassica rapa hybrids and patterns of variation in the hybrid derivatives

2002

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Interspecific hybridization is an important tool to elucidate intergenomic relationships, transfer characters across species and develop synthetic amphidiploids, and it has been widely applied for improving brassicas. The objective of the present study was to create genetic variability in Brassica through interspecific hybridization. Crosses between Brassica juncea (AABB, 2n ¼ 36), and Brassica rapa (AA, 2n ¼ 20) vars toria, yellow sarson, and brown sarson were attempted, and the hybrid derivatives were advanced to the F 4 generation. Hybrids were obtained from the crosses B. juncea · toria and B. juncea · yellow sarson. The F 1 plants were vigorous and intermediate to the parents in many morphological traits. The meiotic study of AAB hybrids showed 10 II + 8 I in the majority (71.8%) of cells analysed. A maximum of 12 and a minimum of seven bivalents were also observed in a few cells. The occurrence of multivalent associations (trivalents to pentavalents) at diakinesis/metaphase I and a bridgefragment configuration at anaphase I were attributed to homoeology between A and B genomes. A high percentage of plants resembling B. juncea was observed in the F 2 generation. Transgressive segregation in both directions was found for plant height, primary branches, main raceme length, siliquae on main raceme, siliqua intensity, seeds per siliqua and seed yield. There were significant differences for the 14 characters in the F 4 derivatives. Moderate to high estimates of phenotypic and genotypic coefficients of variation, broad-sense heritability, and expected genetic advance were found for seed yield, 1000-seed weight, siliquae per plant, seeds per siliqua and days to flowering. Intergenomic recombination, reflected as wide variation in the hybrid progenies, permitted the selection of some useful derivatives.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Cytogenetics of Brassica juncea×Brassica rapa hybrids and patterns of variation in the hybrid derivatives

2002

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“…Domesticated B. rapa can also be a weedy volunteer in western Canada. In recent Canadian studies , which include Gupta (1997), Chamola (1995, 1998), Rhee et al (1997), Choudhary and Joshi (2001a), Choudhary et al (2002) Brassica maurorum Durieu (n08))Br Takahata and Hinata (1983) Bn)Br (see above) Brassica oleracea)Br Ellerstro¨m (1978), Wojciechowski (1985), Gupta (1997) Ellerstro¨m (1978); Rhee et al (1997) data from experimental field trials and commercial HR B. napus fields, hybridization between weedy B. rapa and B. napus occurred at a frequency of ca. 7% in two field experiments where weedy B. rapa plants were grown at a density of one plant m (2 with HR B. napus.…”

Section: Female Parent)male Parent Citationmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Cheng et al (2002) Bn)Raphanus raphanistrum L. (n09) Eber et al (1994), Baranger et al (1995), Chadoeuf et al (1998), Che`vre et al (1998a, Darmency et al (1998), Lefol et al (1997), Rieger et al (2001), Gue´ritaine et al (2003a, b), Che`vre et al (2003Che`vre et al ( , 2007 [Bn)Raphanus raphanistrum F 1 ] R. raphanistrum Che`vre et al (1997Che`vre et al ( , 1998a Bn)Raphanus sativus L. (n09) Gupta ( (1991, 1996b), Alam et al (1992), Sharma and Singh (1992), Vijayakumar et al (1994), Frello et al (1995), Rao and Shivanna (1997), Gupta (1997), Sandhu and Gupta (2000), Choudhary and Joshi (2001a) et al (1985), Ringdahl et al (1987), Salisbury (1989), Gupta (1997) Diplotaxis siifolia Kunze (n010))Bn Gupta (1997) Hirschfeldia incana)Bn Lefol et al (1996b), Darmency and Fleury (2000) Raphanus raphanistrum)Bn Eber et al (1994), Baranger et al (1995), Darmency et al (1998), Che`vre et al (1997, 1998a, 2000, Gue´ritaine and Darmency (2001), Rieger et al (2001), Gue´ritaine et al (2002Gue´ritaine et al ( , 2003a Leckie et al (1993): Jorgensen and Andersen (1994), Bin...…”

Section: Female Parent)male Parent Citationmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Biology of Canadian Weeds. 137. Brassica napus L. and B. rapa L.

Gulden¹,

Warwick²,

Thomas³

2008

Can. J. Plant Sci.

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. 2008. The Biology of Canadian Weeds. 137. Brassica napus L. and B. rapa. Can. J. Plan Sci. 88: 951Á996. Brassica napus and B. rapa are native to Eurasia. In Canada, these species are commonly referred to as volunteer canola, while feral populations of B. rapa are referred to as birdrape. Brassica napus and B. rapa have been grown commercially for their seed oil content in western Canada since the middle of the last century and volunteer populations are common in fields. Escaped populations of both species are also found along roadways, railways and in waste areas; however, only B. rapa is known to have naturalized, self-sustaining feral populations in these habitats in eastern Canada. Despite these escaped and feral populations, B. napus and B. rapa are mainly a concern in agricultural fields where their combined relative abundance has increased over the past few decades. In the mid 1990s, herbicideresistant genotypes of B. napus were released for commercial production. Herbicide-resistance and the stacking of genes in volunteer populations conferring resistance to multiple herbicides have contributed to increased difficulties in controlling volunteer B. napus in some crops. However, yield loss resulting from volunteer populations is not well documented in Canada.Key words: Brassica napus, Brassica rapa, herbicide resistance, transgene escape, volunteer canola, weed biology Gulden, R. H., Warwick, S. I. et Thomas, A. G. 2008. La biologie des mauvaises herbes au Canada. 137. Brassica napus L. et B. rapa L. Can. J. Plant Sci. 88: 951Á996. Brassica napus et B. rapa sont des plantes originaires d'Eurasie. Au Canada, on les de´signe souvent sous l'expression « canola spontane´», tandis que les peuplements sauvages de B. rapa sont appele´s « navette ». Dans l'Ouest canadien, Brassica napus et B. rapa sont cultive´s commercialement pour l'huile que renferment leurs graines depuis le milieu du sie`cle dernier et les repousses spontane´es sont devenues monnaie courante dans les champs. On observe des peuplements des deux espe`ces le long des routes et des voies ferre´es ainsi que dans les terrains vagues, cependant on sait que seule B. rapa s'est acclimate´e pour donner des populations sauvages et stables dans les meˆmes habitats, dans l'est du pays. Malgre´cela, B. napus et B. rapa demeurent surtout pre´occupants dans les cultures, oul eur abondance relative, une fois combine´s, s'est accrue au cours des dernie`res de´cennies. Au milieu des anne´e 1990, des ge´notypes de B. napus re´sistants aux herbicides ont e´te´homologue´s pour la culture commerciale. Cette re´sistance et l'accumulation des ge`nes qui la codent dans les peuplements spontane´s ont concouru a`compliquer la lutte contre les repousses de B. napus dans certaines cultures. Quoi qu'il en soit, les pertes de rendement qui en re´sultent sont mal e´taye´es au Canada.

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“…High levels of interspecific reproductive compatibility are found between B. rapa and B. napus (U 1935;Wahiduzzaman 1987;Lu et al 2001), B. napus and B. juncea (Wahiduzzaman 1987;Prakash & Chopra 1988;Frello et al 1995). B. rapa also crosses easily with a variety of Brassica species (Ramanujam & Srinivasachar 1943;Choudhary & Joshi 2001). B. oleracea produces hybrids with difficulty with other Brassica species, including both crop and wild forms (e.g.…”

Section: Actinidiaceaementioning

confidence: 99%

Transgene escape: what potential for crop–wild hybridization?

et al. 2005

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To date, regional surveys assessing the risk of transgene escape from GM crops have focused on records of spontaneous hybridization to infer the likelihood of crop transgene escape. However, reliable observations of spontaneous hybridization are lacking for most floras, particularly outside Europe. Here, we argue that evidence of interspecific reproductive compatibility derived from experimental crosses is an important component of risk assessment, and a useful first step especially where data from field observations are unavailable. We used this approach to assess the potential for transgene escape via hybridization for 123 widely grown temperate crops and their indigenous and naturalized relatives present in the New Zealand flora. We found that 66 crops (54%) are reproductively compatible with at least one other indigenous or naturalized species in the flora. Limited reproductive compatibility with wild relatives was evident for a further 12 crops (10%). Twenty-five crops (20%) were found to be reproductively isolated from all their wild relatives in New Zealand. For the remaining 20 crops (16%), insufficient information was available to determine levels of reproductive compatibility with wild relatives. Our approach may be useful in other regions where spontaneous crop-wild hybridization has yet to be well documented.

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Crossability of Brassica tournefortii and B. rapa, and morphology and cytology of their F1 hybrids

Cited by 19 publications

References 10 publications

Cytogenetics of Brassica juncea×Brassica rapa hybrids and patterns of variation in the hybrid derivatives

Cytogenetics of Brassica juncea×Brassica rapa hybrids and patterns of variation in the hybrid derivatives

The Biology of Canadian Weeds. 137. Brassica napus L. and B. rapa L.

Transgene escape: what potential for crop–wild hybridization?

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