Crossed-sine wavefront sensor for adaptive optics, metrology and ophthalmology applications

Hénault, François; Spang, A.; Yan, Feng; Schreiber, Laura

doi:10.1088/2631-8695/ab78c5

Cited by 6 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 20 publications

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“…After having proved the general ASONG concept in previous works [5], we concentrated on the characterization of the WFS. In particular we measured the sensitivity, the linear range and the WFE measurement accuracy for different configurations of the WFS.…”

Section: Performed Tests and Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…However, it remains challenging to achieve simultaneously high spatial resolution at the pupil of the tested optics and absolute measurement accuracy comparable to that attained by laserinterferometers. We have recently demonstrated [4] a new WFS concept, the crossed-sine WFS [5] [6], which could achieve both previous goals maintaining a simple design. In French, the project of this crossed-sine WFS is called "Analyseur de Surface d'Onde de Nouvelle Génération (ASONG)" which means "new generation wavefront sensor".…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The crossed-sine wavefront sensor: first tests and results

Schreiber

Feng

Spang

et al. 2022

Advances in Optical and Mechanical Technologies for Telescopes and Instrumentation V

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The crossed-sine wavefront sensor (WFS) is a pupil plane wavefront sensor that measures the first derivatives of the wavefront. The crossed-sine WFS achieves a simultaneous high spatial resolution at the pupil of the tested optics and absolute measurement accuracy comparable to that attained by laser-interferometers, but with a much more compact, cheaper set-up, compatible with polychromatic light. It is made by three main components: a gradient transmission filter (GTF) built from a product of sine functions rotated by 45 degrees around the optical axis, a 2x2 mini-lens array (MLA) at the focus of the tested optical system and a detector array located on a plane conjugated to the pupil. The basic principle consists in acquiring four pupil images simultaneously, each image being observed from different points located behind the GTF. After the simulation work which demonstrated the wavefront reconstruction capability, we are now in the phase of implementation of the prototype in the lab. In this paper we introduce seven customized phase masks and make measurements of them. First tests and results are demonstrated, based on which we explore the performance of our crossedsine WFS and make comparisons with that of the laser-interferometer.

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Section: Performed Tests and Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The crossed-sine wavefront sensor: first tests and results

Schreiber

Feng

Spang

et al. 2022

Advances in Optical and Mechanical Technologies for Telescopes and Instrumentation V

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“…Interestingly, slope sensor concepts based on two channels with focal amplitude masks have been proposed (e.g. Horwitz 1994;Oti et al 2005;Haffert 2016;Hénault et al 2020) and share some practical implementation solutions with one of the variants of the Bi-O edge presented in this paper. In general, WFSs can be categorised into two families: the geometric and the diffractive WFSs.…”

Section: Wave-front Sensing Contextmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Bi–O edge wavefront sensor

Vérinaud,

Héritier,

Kasper

et al. 2024

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Context. Direct detection of exoplanets around nearby stars requires advanced adaptive optics (AO) systems. High-order systems are needed to reach a high Strehl ratio (SR) in near-infrared and optical wavelengths on future giant segmented-mirror telescopes (GSMTs). Direct detection of faint exoplanets with the European Southern Observatory (ESO) Extremely Large Telescope (ELT) will require some tens of thousands of correction modes. The resolution and sensitivity of the wavefront sensor (WFS) are key requirements for this science case. We present a new class of WFSs, the bi-orthogonal Foucault knife-edge sensors (or Bi–O edge), that is directly inspired by the Foucault knife-edge test. The idea consists of using a beam-splitter producing two foci, each of which is sensed by an edge with a direction orthogonal to the other focus. Aims. We describe two implementation concepts: The Bi–O edge sensor can be realised with a sharp edge and a tip-tilt modulation device (sharp Bi–O edge) or with a smooth gradual transmission over a grey edge (grey Bi–O edge). A comparison of the Bi–O edge concepts and the four-sided classical pyramid wavefront sensor (PWS) gives some important insights into the nature of the measurements. Methods. We analytically computed the photon noise error propagation, and we compared the results to end-to-end simulations of a closed-loop AO system. Results. Our analysis shows that the sensitivity gain of the Bi–O edge with respect to the PWS depends on the system configuration. The gain is a function of the number of control modes and the modulation angle. We found that for the sharp Bi–O edge, the gain in reduction of propagated photon noise variance approaches a theoretical factor of 2 for a large number of control modes and small modulation angle, meaning that the sharp Bi–O edge only needs half of the photons of the PWS to reach similar measurement accuracy. In contrast, the PWS is twice more sensitive than the Bi–O edge in the case of very low order correction and/or large modulation angles. Preliminary end-to-end simulations illustrate some of the results. The grey version of the Bi–O edge opens the door to advanced amplitude filtering, which replaces the need for a tip-tilt modulator while keeping the same dynamic range. We show that an additional factor of 2 in reduction of propagated photon noise variance can be obtained for high orders, such that the theoretical maximum gain of a factor of 4 in photon efficiency can be obtained. A diffractive Fourier model that accurately includes the effect of modulation and control modes shows that for the extreme AO (XAO) system configuration of the ELT, the overall gain will well exceed one magnitude in guide-star brightness when compared to the modulated PWS. Conclusions. We conclude that the Bi–O edge is an excellent candidate sensor for future very high order Adaptive Optics systems, in particular on GSMTs.

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“…Recently, François Hénault et al [ 127 ] proposed a crossed-sine wavefront sensor which is useful for simultaneously achieving a high spatial resolution at the pupil of the tested optics and absolute measurement accuracy comparable to that attained by laser interferometers. This is obtained using a linear gradient transmission filter (GTF), located at the image plane of the tested optical system, the mini-lens array, and a detector array, thus allowing the acquisition of four pupil images simultaneously.…”

Section: Applicationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Advanced Optical Wavefront Technologies to Improve Patient Quality of Vision and Meet Clinical Requests

et al. 2022

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Adaptive optics (AO) is employed for the continuous measurement and correction of ocular aberrations. Human eye refractive errors (lower-order aberrations such as myopia and astigmatism) are corrected with contact lenses and excimer laser surgery. Under twilight vision conditions, when the pupil of the human eye dilates to 5–7 mm in diameter, higher-order aberrations affect the visual acuity. The combined use of wavefront (WF) technology and AO systems allows the pre-operative evaluation of refractive surgical procedures to compensate for the higher-order optical aberrations of the human eye, guiding the surgeon in choosing the procedure parameters. Here, we report a brief history of AO, starting from the description of the Shack–Hartmann method, which allowed the first in vivo measurement of the eye’s wave aberration, the wavefront sensing technologies (WSTs), and their principles. Then, the limitations of the ocular wavefront ascribed to the IOL polymeric materials and design, as well as future perspectives on improving patient vision quality and meeting clinical requests, are described.

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Crossed-sine wavefront sensor for adaptive optics, metrology and ophthalmology applications

Cited by 6 publications

References 20 publications

The crossed-sine wavefront sensor: first tests and results

The crossed-sine wavefront sensor: first tests and results

The Bi–O edge wavefront sensor

Advanced Optical Wavefront Technologies to Improve Patient Quality of Vision and Meet Clinical Requests

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