Crossing Species Boundaries

Robert, Jason Scott; Βaylis, Françoise

doi:10.1162/15265160360706417

Cited by 206 publications

(61 citation statements)

References 48 publications

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“…I tend to agree with Robert and Baylis [27 ]that the conception of a ‘genetic essence’ – genetic essentialism – is contrary to current biology. However, it is not quite clear what such a ‘genetic essentialism’ would mean.…”

Section: Identity As Basic Kind Of Being: Genetic Perspectivesmentioning

confidence: 56%

“…Actually, there are many different species concepts (a brief useful overview is given by Robert and Baylis [27]). One concept is the classical biological species concept, which defines species in terms of reproductive isolation.…”

Section: Identity As Basic Kind Of Being: Genetic Perspectivesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The clustering of these properties is ‘homeostatic’ in the sense that it is the result of a causal process [30]. Reflecting on this conceptual controversy, Robert and Baylis [27 ]suggest that rather than asking generally ‘How is ‘‘species’’ defined?’ it might be more useful to ask ‘How is a species defined?’ One might describe a set of traits differentiating that species from all others. This could possibly be done at the genetic level as well as at the phenotypic level.…”

Section: Identity As Basic Kind Of Being: Genetic Perspectivesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…However, in the early days of the HGP some commentators criticized a more essentialist notion of ‘the’ human genome [34, 35]. More recently, Robert and Baylis [27] have done the same. In distinction to Pääbo (see above), who stresses the similarities between humans, Robert and Baylis stress the differences.…”

Section: Identity As Basic Kind Of Being: Genetic Perspectivesmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Genetics and Identity

Nordgren

2008

Public Health Genomics

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For the last 20 years the concepts of identity and identification have been subject to much interest in the humanities and social sciences. However, the implications of genetics for identity and identification have been largely neglected. In this paper, I distinguish various conceptions of identity (as continuity over time, as basic kind of being, as unique set of properties, and as social role) and identification (as subjective experience of identity in various senses and as social ascription of identity in various senses), and investigate systematically genetic perspectives on each of these conceptions. I stress the importance of taking the genetic perspectives seriously but also their limitations. In particular, I pinpoint conceptual problems that arise when a genetic approach to identity is adopted.

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Section: Identity As Basic Kind Of Being: Genetic Perspectivesmentioning

confidence: 56%

Section: Identity As Basic Kind Of Being: Genetic Perspectivesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Identity As Basic Kind Of Being: Genetic Perspectivesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Identity As Basic Kind Of Being: Genetic Perspectivesmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Genetics and Identity

Nordgren

2008

Public Health Genomics

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“…It is hard not to associate that preoccupation of the genre with contemporary issues of bioethics: the ethical limits of medicine, surgery and genetic manipulations have been a controversial subject for decades (Francis, 2001;Robert & Baylis, 2003;Kamm, 2005). It is therefore not surprising to find them reflected in steampunk, which voices contemporary concerns through the use of 19 th -century figures.…”

Section: An Architect Of the Bodymentioning

confidence: 99%

The Steampunk Doctor: Practicing Medicine in a Mechanical Age

Cristofari¹,

Guitton²

2014

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Influenced by both 19 th -century literature and popular representations of science, the figure of the medical doctor in steampunk fiction is marked by ambiguity. At the same time a scientist, a wizard and a mechanic, the steampunk doctor exists halfway between respectability and illegitimacy, a manipulator of bodies, a wielder of mysterious powers, a respectable and ominous character at the same time. Their role includes but is not limited to healing bodies. Indeed, steampunk examines the consequences extraordinary medical discoveries can have on both individuals and societies. It questions the meaning of "improvement" in the context of medicine, and whether it is ethical for medical practitioners to bring human bodies beyond their normal state, to the point that normality itself has to be re-defined. This paper describes the figure of the steampunk doctor and details the place and power of medicine in steampunk worlds. On the one hand, the steampunk doctor can modify bodies at will, bringing bio-engineering on a par with regular engineering, and leading to questions about the boundaries (ontological and ethical) between humans and objects, living and inanimate matter. On the other hand, their work on individual bodies can lead to transformations of their society as a whole, by modifying entire groups to suit social or political agendas, or in a quest for personal power. In the end, the figure of the steampunk doctor brings to the forefront some ethical questionings about medicine, healing, bio-engineering and human enhancement that are very relevant to the present times, in spite of the deceptively retrospective aesthetics.

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Stem Cell Research

Βaylis¹

2013

The International Encyclopedia of Ethics

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Three reasons are given for the pursuit of human stem cell research: to increase understanding of normal cell development; to screen new drugs in vitro; and to provide tissue for cell‐based regenerative medicine. Not surprisingly, public enthusiasm for human stem cell research centers on the promise of regenerative medicine where there is the prospect of developing transplantation therapies for patients with debilitating or life‐threatening conditions such as Parkinson's disease, diabetes, traumatic spinal cord injury, neurological degeneration, and congenital heart disease.

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Crossing Species Boundaries

Cited by 206 publications

References 48 publications

Genetics and Identity

Genetics and Identity

The Steampunk Doctor: Practicing Medicine in a Mechanical Age

Stem Cell Research

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