Crosslinking effect on polydimethylsiloxane elastic modulus measured by custom‐built compression instrument

Wang, Zhixin; Volinsky, Alex A.; Gallant, Nathan D.

doi:10.1002/app.41050

Cited by 482 publications

(396 citation statements)

References 20 publications

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“…In our experimental system, E f = 200 MPa, E s = 0.5 MPa, ν f = 0.35, and ν s = 0.5 (23)(24)(25)(26), yielding the critical compressive strain e c ≈ −0.01 and critical compressive stress σ c ≈ 2 MPa; further, the skin thickness h increases linearly with the duration of oxygen plasma treatment t (27). Once a droplet is placed on the uncompressed surface (e = 0.00), the stress in the skin of h ≈ 60 nm due to the surface tension γ is approximately σ ≈ γcosθ/h = 1 MPa < σ c .…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Spontaneous formation of aligned DNA nanowires by capillarity-induced skin folding

Nagashima

Kim

et al. 2017

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

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Although DNA nanowires have proven useful as a template for fabricating functional nanomaterials and a platform for genetic analysis, their widespread use is still hindered because of limited control over the size, geometry, and alignment of the nanowires. Here, we document the capillarity-induced folding of an initially wrinkled surface and present an approach to the spontaneous formation of aligned DNA nanowires using a template whose surface morphology dynamically changes in response to liquid. In particular, we exploit the familiar wrinkling phenomenon that results from compression of a thin skin on a soft substrate. Once a droplet of liquid solution containing DNA molecules is placed on the wrinkled surface, the liquid from the droplet enters certain wrinkled channels. The capillary forces deform wrinkles containing liquid into sharp folds, whereas the neighboring empty wrinkles are stretched out. In this way, we obtain a periodic array of folded channels that contain liquid solution with DNA molecules. Such an approach serves as a template for the fabrication of arrays of straight or wrinkled DNA nanowires, where their characteristic scales are robustly tunable with the physical properties of liquid and the mechanical and geometrical properties of the elastic system. DNA nanowires | capillary forces | wrinkling | folding | instability A ssembling biomolecules and microorganisms (e.g., virus and DNA) into a desired architecture has offered new routes to the fabrication of nanomaterials (1, 2). In particular, DNA nanowires have proven useful as a template to fabricate functional nanomaterials and as a platform for genetic analysis (3-5). Molecular combing and its derivatives have been used widely to obtain such nanowires using an aqueous solution of DNA molecules, where capillary forces of the solution at a receding meniscus act to stretch and immobilize the molecules on a solid surface (6). To manipulate the size, geometry, and alignment of nanowires, much effort has been devoted to controlling the evaporation of the solutions by adjusting experimental parameters, such as concentration and temperature, or applying external forces that move the droplets in a desired direction (7-9). However, these approaches require careful handling only to generate nanowires that are randomly positioned and oriented. Templates whose surfaces are decorated with patterns, such as microwells (10), nanogratings (11), and micropillars (12, 13), have been shown to guide the location of nanowires. However, the experimental approaches for creating such patterns largely rely on lithography-based methods, which involve complex processes that are not readily accessible.Mechanical instabilities that occur in response to external stimuli (e.g., loading and heat) and geometric constraints cause surface wrinkling and folding of skin-substrate systems, which are ubiquitous in nature and have been harnessed to create wrinkled and folded materials for versatile applications (14). The transition from wrinkling to folding occurs when the misma...

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Spontaneous formation of aligned DNA nanowires by capillarity-induced skin folding

Nagashima

Kim

et al. 2017

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

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“…Using Equations (1) and (2), the elastic modulus of the nanowire composite was calculated, as shown in Figure 3. Each modulus of the nanowire and PDMS with different mixing ratios was referred to [14]. As shown in Figure 3, the nanowire composite with a 5:1 mixing ratio showed the highest modulus at the condition of the same nanowire volume fraction.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Elastomeric nanowire composite for flexible pressure sensors with tunable sensitivity

Joo

Yoon

Hong

2016

Journal of Information Display

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Flexible pressure sensors can be applied to human-machine interfaces, next-generation touch interfaces for wearable displays, and real-time blood pressure monitoring. For these applications, pressure sensors must have high pressure sensitivity, flexibility, stability, and tunable sensitivity, like the human skin. Reported in this paper is a highly sensitive and flexible pressure sensor with tunable sensitivity. Silver-nanowires-embedded Polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS), the elastomeric nanowire composite, was integrated with a polymeric dielectric layer and a printed electrode to obtain a capacitive pressure sensor. By controlling the mixing ratio of the PDMS matrix of the nanowire composite, the pressure sensitivity of the sensor can be easily tuned. The sensor also showed high sensitivity (sensitivity > 3 kPa −1 ) and high bending stability. ARTICLE HISTORY

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“…The resulting increase in PDMS modulus has been studied in some detail [59][60][61] and its impact on λ is shown in Figures 2(d) and (e). Doubling the crosslinker content only reduces λ by 15%, while increasing T yields a 30% decrease, keeping all other parameters constant.…”

Section: Pdms Modificationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sub-100 nm wrinkling of polydimethylsiloxane by double frontal oxidation

et al. 2017

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We demonstrate nanoscale wrinkling on polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) at sub-100 nm length scales via a (double) frontal surface oxidation coupled with a mechanical compression. The kinetics of the glassy skin propagation is resolved by neutron and X-ray reflectivity, and atomic force microscopy, combined with mechanical wrinkling experiments to evaluate the resulting pattern formation. In conventional PDMS surface oxidation, the smallest wrinkling patterns attainable have an intrinsic lower wavelength limit due to the coupling of skin formation and front propagation at fixed strain ε prestrain , whose maximum is, in turn, set by material failure. However, combining two different oxidative processes, an ultra-violet ozonolysis followed by air plasma exposure, we break this limit by fabricating trilayer laminates with excellent interfacial properties and a sequence of moduli and layer thicknesses able to trivially reduce the surface topography to sub-100 nm dimensions. This method provides a powerful, yet simple, non-lithographic approach to extend surface patterning from visible to the deep UV range.

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Crosslinking effect on polydimethylsiloxane elastic modulus measured by custom‐built compression instrument

Cited by 482 publications

References 20 publications

Spontaneous formation of aligned DNA nanowires by capillarity-induced skin folding

Spontaneous formation of aligned DNA nanowires by capillarity-induced skin folding

Elastomeric nanowire composite for flexible pressure sensors with tunable sensitivity

Sub-100 nm wrinkling of polydimethylsiloxane by double frontal oxidation

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