Crowd Dynamics and Control in High-Volume Metro Rail Stations

Samson, Briane Paul V.; Aldanese, Crisanto R.; Chan, Deanne Moree C.; Pascual, Jona Joyce S. San; Sido, Ma. Victoria Angelica P.

doi:10.1016/j.procs.2017.05.097

Cited by 12 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 6 publications

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“…However, even if crowd management is well maintained, Samson et al [26] noted that overcrowding in metro stations, especially during peak hours, with a minimal number of ticket booths and turnstiles would lead to formation of long queues. This means that passengers would take longer to access the platforms, hence affecting the quality of the service.…”

Section: Crowd Management and Passenger Behaviourmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…However, despite both studies lacking actual results, the framework would help to focus on key elements which would be fundamental for this research paper in developing simulation models. This is where the third case study by Samson et al [26] is relevant to this paper, because they developed a crowd dynamics model which analyses the movements and behaviour of crowds in the station. This can then be compared with the results of the current study, which would be useful in evaluating the effectiveness of crowd management in a railway station.…”

Section: Summary Of the State Of The Artmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Analysis of Rail Passenger Flow in a Rail Station Concourse Prior to and During the COVID-19 Pandemic Using Event-Based Simulation Models and Scenarios

Lee

Маринов

2022

Urban Rail Transit

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During COVID-19, certain means were proposed to improve crowd management in the Birmingham New Street railway station. To validate the current system of crowd management in the station, this paper examines the rail passenger flow in the concourse of the Birmingham New Street railway station and the passenger interactions and queueing phenomena associated with it, mainly at the ticket machines, offices and gates, prior to and during the implementation of COVID-19 measures. The passenger behaviour in the concourse of the station was simulated using the SIMUL8 event-based simulation modelling package. Three different scenarios were modelled to analyse the changes and impacts from pre-COVID-19 and within the COVID-19 context. The results revealed that passenger behaviour in railway stations is changing due to COVID-19. Specifically, passengers are more likely to buy tickets using their smartphones or online prior to or whilst entering the station so that they can go through the station concourse with minimal queuing times and avoid contact with a facility of common use at the station, whereas those without tickets are more likely to be in a queue to buy their tickets in the station. For pre-COVID, the results showed that even with a reduced number of ticket machines, overcrowding inside the station was unlikely to occur, as 80% of all passengers in the simulation completed service within a 15-minute time frame. However, during implementation of COVID-19 measures, as the number of passengers using the station dropped significantly and more passengers bought their tickets using their smartphones and/or online, queueing times were also shorter, and thus passengers spent less time in the system. The simulation results were in accordance with the expected practice; hence the effectiveness of the simulation model was verified. Overall, as a result of this study, the following suggestions to improve crowd management in a railway passenger station concourse are proposed: encourage passengers to purchase tickets on their smartphones, remove ticket gates and replace them with sensors, and provide a one-way passenger flow system in the main concourse of the station.

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Section: Crowd Management and Passenger Behaviourmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Summary Of the State Of The Artmentioning

confidence: 99%

Analysis of Rail Passenger Flow in a Rail Station Concourse Prior to and During the COVID-19 Pandemic Using Event-Based Simulation Models and Scenarios

Lee

Маринов

2022

Urban Rail Transit

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“…Stations have finite space. Cities around the world experience a saturated public transport during rush hour with queues for buying a ticket, longer alighting times, the need to let some services go, which are full, or having to travel in uncomfortable conditions [23][24][25].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Ubiquitous Collective Tragedy in Transport

Curiel

Ramírez²,

Bishop³

2022

Front. Phys.

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A tragedy of the commons is said to occur when individuals act only in their own interest but, in so doing, create a collective state of a group that is less than optimal due to uncoordinated action. Here, we explore the individual decision-making processes of commuters using various forms of transport within a city, forming a modal share which is then built into a dynamical model using travel time as the key variable. From a randomised start in the distribution of the modal share, assuming that some individuals change their commuting method, favouring lower travel times, we show that a stable modal share is reached corresponding to an equilibrium in the model. Considering the average travel time for all commuters within the city, we show that an optimal result is achieved only if the direct and induced factors and the number of users are equal for all transport modes. For asymmetric factors, the equilibrium reached is always sub-optimal, leading to city travel trajectories being “tragic”, meaning that individuals choose a faster commuting time but create a slower urban mobility as a collective result. Hence, the city evolves, producing longer average commuting times. It is also shown that if a new mode of transport has a small baseline commuting time but has a high induced impact for other users, then introducing it might result in a counter-intuitive result producing more congestion, rather than less.

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