Crowdsourcing Hazardous Weather Reports from Citizens via Twittersphere under the Short Warning Lead Times of EF5 Intensity Tornado Conditions

Chatfield, Akemi Takeoka; Brajawidagda, Uuf

doi:10.1109/hicss.2014.281

Cited by 35 publications

(29 citation statements)

References 16 publications

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“…Research focuses on the functions of crowdsourcing at the technical level, but does not consider the interaction between different subjects in crowdsourcing from the perspective of disaster governance. Taking a tactical emphasis, many studies are based on a single case that focuses on how crowdsourcing can mitigate local problems caused by a specific disaster [6][7][8]. This paper analyses 12 worldwide crowdsourcing cases, to explore the overall strategic application of crowdsourcing for improved disaster resilience.…”

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confidence: 99%

Promoting Disaster Resilience: Operation Mechanisms and Self-Organizing Processes of Crowdsourcing

2020

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It is often difficult to realize effective governance and management within the inherent complexity and uncertainty of disasters. The application of crowdsourcing, through encouraging voluntary support from the general public, advances efficient disaster governance. Twelve international case studies of crowdsourcing and natural disaster governance were collected for in-depth analysis. Influenced by Complex Adaptive System theory, we explored the self-organizing operation mechanisms and self-organization processes of crowdsourcing within disaster governance. The self-organizing operation mechanisms of crowdsourcing are influenced by the multi-directional interaction between the crowdsourcing platform, the initiator (who commences the crowdsourcing process) and the contractor (who undertakes disaster reduction tasks). The benefits of crowdsourcing for governance structure and self-organization processes in natural disaster governance are reflected in three perspectives: strengthening communication and coordination, optimizing emergency decision-making, and improving the ability to learn and adapt. This paper discusses how crowdsourcing can promote disaster resilience from the perspective of the complex adaptive system to enrich the theoretical research on crowdsourcing and disaster resilience.Sustainability 2020, 12, 1862 2 of 14 enhancing community resilience. The research conducted by Baybay and Hindmarsh (2018) in coastal communities in the Philippines shows that community engagement can be increased by improving community activities, knowledge, skills, resources, and by adopting local culture and customs, which are crucial to promoting community resilience [4]. Traditional community engagement refers to offline action processes, while the Internet provides a new form of online community engagement. Crowdsourcing platforms, such as portals, social media, and online applications, have become effective tools for community engagement, by reducing the transaction costs associated with information search, analysis, and decision-making, as well as lowering resource costs (time, money, health, etc.) for civic engagement [5]. Crowdsourcing expands the boundaries of traditional community engagement, which is not limited by time or space, while people from all over the world can participate in specific actions online anytime and anywhere.The issue of how crowdsourcing promotes the self-organization process and builds disaster resilience is understudied. Existing research focuses on how crowdsourcing can be used to collect and analyze disaster data, as well as crowdsourcing's use in communication, loss assessment, and decision support. Research focuses on the functions of crowdsourcing at the technical level, but does not consider the interaction between different subjects in crowdsourcing from the perspective of disaster governance. Taking a tactical emphasis, many studies are based on a single case that focuses on how crowdsourcing can mitigate local problems caused by a specific disaster [6][7][8]. This paper analyses 1...

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confidence: 99%

Promoting Disaster Resilience: Operation Mechanisms and Self-Organizing Processes of Crowdsourcing

2020

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“…The neighboring provinces, such as Aceh (Banda Aceh), Riau (Pekanbaru), West Sumatra (Padang), Jambi, Bengkulu, South Sumatra (Palembang) and Lampung, also found the #sinabung users (31,33,25,8,3, 21 and 12, respectively). The combined total number of the #sinabung users, from the affected area and from its surrounding areas, is 665.…”

Section: Locations Of Indonesian #Sinabung Usersmentioning

confidence: 95%

E-government, social media, and risk perception communication at the edge of disaster

Chatfield

Reddick

Inan

et al. 2014

Proceedings of the 15th Annual International Conference on Digital Government Research

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Despite operational volcano surveillance using meteorological satellite, thermal remote sensing and infrared camera technologies, predicting its hazardous activity and explosive eruption, with any accuracy, remains nearly impossible. Against this, volcanic hazards and risk literature identifies risk communication as a new research challenge. This study presents insights from the disaster risk communication practice, during the Mt. Sinabung eruptions in February 2014, causing 16 deaths and continuous evacuations of 30,000 local residents. We examined IT uses, including e-government websites and social media, which facilitated or inhibited communications of risk perceptions by governments, the affected villagers, and the public. Based on findings, we discuss socio-political and socio-technical implications for overcoming inter-agency coordination and clear cross-jurisdictional communication challenges so as to improve external political efficacy of volcanic risk communication and to empower the public living at the edge of disaster and take appropriate and timely responses that would mitigate the volcanic hazards and risk.

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“…Severe weather notices (e.g., severe thunderstorm watch, tornado warning) issued by the National Weather Service (NWS) are disseminated to those in danger through a variety of means including outdoor warning sirens, television (see Comstock and Mallonee, 2005) and radio broadcasts (including NOAA weather radio), smartphone/tablet and desktop computer-based weather applications, social media outlets (Blanford et al, 2014;Chatfield and Brajawidagda, 2014), and/or word of mouth (e.g., friends, family, neighbors) (see Hammer and Schmidlin, 2002;Sherman-Morris, 2010). However, as Mathews and Ellis (2016) note, most of these dissemination methods are voluntary and require citizens to take the initiative to purchase and use particular technologies (i.e.…”

Section: Tornado Occurrence and Warning Disseminationmentioning

confidence: 99%

GIS-based modeling of tornado siren sound propagation: Refining spatial extent and coverage estimations

Mathews

Haffner

Ellis

2017

International Journal of Disaster Risk Reduction

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Crowdsourcing Hazardous Weather Reports from Citizens via Twittersphere under the Short Warning Lead Times of EF5 Intensity Tornado Conditions

Cited by 35 publications

References 16 publications

Promoting Disaster Resilience: Operation Mechanisms and Self-Organizing Processes of Crowdsourcing

Promoting Disaster Resilience: Operation Mechanisms and Self-Organizing Processes of Crowdsourcing

E-government, social media, and risk perception communication at the edge of disaster

GIS-based modeling of tornado siren sound propagation: Refining spatial extent and coverage estimations

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