2011
DOI: 10.1016/j.foreco.2011.07.034
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Crown transparency, tree mortality and stem growth of Pinus sylvestris, and colonization of Tomicus piniperda after an outbreak of Gremmeniella abietina

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Cited by 14 publications
(11 citation statements)
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“…Reindeer (Rangifer tarandus) and moose (Alces alces) are the most important herbivores in the northern limit of the species, and may affect a high proportion of the seedlings and saplings (up to 80%; Helle and Moilanen, 1993;Stöcklin and Körner, 1999;Holtmeier and Broll, 2011), thus reducing the natural tree-line expansion process. In addition, the combination of increased temperatures and precipitation expected for the northern limit during the coming decades has the potential to induce the spread of fungal pathogens such as snow blight (Phacidium infestans) and Scleroderris canker (Gremmeniella abietina) (Stöcklin and Körner, 1999;Juntunen and Neuvonen, 2006;Sikström et al, 2011). Thus, in contrast to positive changes in seed production, recruitment and growth which should increase the growth rate of Scots pine populations, sporadic damage by frost, pests and herbivory may persist or even be intensified over the coming decades (Cairns and Mohen, 2004;Slot et al, 2005), potentially reducing rates of population expansion predicted based solely on direct effects of climatic changes on this species.…”
Section: Damage and Mortalitymentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Reindeer (Rangifer tarandus) and moose (Alces alces) are the most important herbivores in the northern limit of the species, and may affect a high proportion of the seedlings and saplings (up to 80%; Helle and Moilanen, 1993;Stöcklin and Körner, 1999;Holtmeier and Broll, 2011), thus reducing the natural tree-line expansion process. In addition, the combination of increased temperatures and precipitation expected for the northern limit during the coming decades has the potential to induce the spread of fungal pathogens such as snow blight (Phacidium infestans) and Scleroderris canker (Gremmeniella abietina) (Stöcklin and Körner, 1999;Juntunen and Neuvonen, 2006;Sikström et al, 2011). Thus, in contrast to positive changes in seed production, recruitment and growth which should increase the growth rate of Scots pine populations, sporadic damage by frost, pests and herbivory may persist or even be intensified over the coming decades (Cairns and Mohen, 2004;Slot et al, 2005), potentially reducing rates of population expansion predicted based solely on direct effects of climatic changes on this species.…”
Section: Damage and Mortalitymentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Wet and tropical summer heat creates favourable conditions for the development of Scleroderris canker (Sikström et al, 2011). At first, the disease manifests itself as necroses forming under the bark, therefore difficult to notice.…”
Section: Scleroderris Cankermentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Later (most often in early spring just after snowmelt) needle tips become yellowish and then the needles turn red-brownish. The infection expands to vulnerable twigs and branches, which ultimately dry completely (Sikström et al, 2011).…”
Section: Scleroderris Cankermentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Los cambios en las condiciones climáticas no tienen por qué afectar por igual a todas las especies del ecosistema, lo que puede inducir tanto cambios en las interacciones bióticas existentes como la aparición de otras. Uno de los cambios más evidentes como respuesta a las variaciones de temperatura es el incremento de plagas y patógenos, especialmente de insectos y hongos (Bale et al 2002;Neuvonen et al 1999;Sikström et al 2011). De forma general, se espera que el ataque a las especies arbóreas sea cada vez mas intenso debido tanto a explosiones demográficas de las plagas y patógenos como a un aumento de su virulencia en respuesta a un incremento de temperatura (Dobbertin et al 2007;Fabre et al 2011;Juntunen y Neuvonen 2006), así como unas mayores consecuencias de los ataques debido al debilitamiento de los árboles inducido por la sequía en determinadas zonas (Bigler et al 2006).…”
Section: Cambios En Las Interacciones Bióticasunclassified
“…Además, unos inviernos más suaves favorecen la expansión de las especies plaga en altitud y en latitud (Bale et al 2002;Hódar et al 2012), lo que permite la aparición de nuevas interacciones entre especies que no han coexistido hasta la fecha (ver por ejemplo la interacción entre Thaumetopoea pytiocampa y Pinus sylvestris en Hódar et al 2003). De forma similar, el aumento de la temperatura y humedad previsto en el límite norte de las especies arbóreas puede favorecer la dispersión y el ataque de hongos patógenos (Sikström et al 2011;Stöcklin y Körner 1999), lo que puede llegar a modular el posible avance del límite forestal.…”
Section: Cambios En Las Interacciones Bióticasunclassified