IntroductionDendrimers [1] are highly branched macromolecules consisting of a multifunctional core, to which repeating units are sequentially covalently bonded to create a topologically regular structure. The resultant molecules present a well-defined number of terminal groups and a narrow molecular weight distribution that is truly monodisperse in most cases. Owing to their structural uniformity, dendrimers provide a valuable model for correlating the macromolecular structure to the technological function [2][3][4][5]. Thus, dendrimers have a wide range of applications, including drug delivery [6], catalysis, and sensors [7][8] in high-technology fields. The organization of dendrimers in monolayers results in materials that can be applied as devices [7][8][9][10] and scaffolds for posterior elaborations [11][12][13][14][15][16][17]. Moreover, stratumous-layered composites of a dendrimer and a linear polymer can be prepared by linking terminal groups of a dendrimer to functional groups of a polymer [12,13,16,[18][19][20].Double-layered hydroxides, also known as ionic clays, are important inorganic materials, and have deserved Progr Colloid Polym Sci (2004) Abstract Nanocomposites have been prepared through the intercalation of poly(amido amine) dendrimers with carboxylate terminals into hydrotalcite clays. The formation of nanocomposites by anion exchange during incubating at 70°C was investigated at various compositions with increasing dendrimer content in water and was assessed by Fourier transform IR absorption spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction, small-angle X-ray scattering, and elemental analysis. The dendrimer diffused into the clay galleries: the spacing between the clay layers (sheets) increased from its intrinsic value of 3.2 to 20-23 Å , and the mass fraction of the dendrimer in the composite was around 0.50 for mixing ratios (charge of clay to carboxylate of the dendrimer) higher than 1:2, indicating the saturated intercalation of the dendrimer in the clay. The dendrimers are densely packed with an ellipsoidal structure in the interlayer. At a mixing ratio of 1:8, there was excess adsorption of the dendrimer on the clay surface besides the intercalation and initial adsorption.