Crude fiber modulates the fecal microbiome and steroid hormones in pregnant Meishan sows

Jiang, Xueyuan; Lu, Naisheng; Xue, Yun; Liu, Suli; Lei, Hulong; Tu, Weilong; Lü, Yang; Xia, Dong

doi:10.1016/j.ygcen.2019.04.006

Cited by 43 publications

(42 citation statements)

References 57 publications

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“…In this study, greater fecal water content was observed in sows fed SBP and WB diets when compared with those fed CON diets, suggesting that high ber diets may alleviate the constipation severity in pregnant sows by retaining fecal water content. Our results were in consistent with previous studies, in which high ber diets containing konjac our or alfalfa meal increased fecal water content and relieved constipation in pregnant sows [27,28]. Dietary ber generally has great water-binding capacity, and also can reduce transit time and increase stools bulk, which may contribute to the alleviative constipation [29,30].…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

Impact of sugar beet pulp and wheat bran on serum biochemical profile, inflammatory responses and gut microbiota in sows during late gestation and lactation

Shang

Liu

et al. 2020

Preprint

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Background: Sows are frequently subjected to various stresses during late gestation and lactation, which trigger inflammatory response and metabolic disorders. Dietary fiber can influence animal health by modulating gut microbiota and their by-products, with the effects depending upon the source of the dietary fiber. This study aimed to evaluate the impacts of different fiber sources on body condition, serum biochemical parameters, inflammatory responses and fecal microbiota in sows from late gestation to lactation.Methods: Forty-five multiparous sows (Yorkshire × Landrace; 3-6 parity) were assigned to 1 of 3 dietary treatments from d 85 of gestation to the end of lactation (d 21 post-farrowing): a control diet (CON, a corn-soybean meal diet), a sugar beet pulp diet (SBP, 20% SBP during gestation and 10% SBP during lactation), and a wheat bran diet (WB, 30% WB during gestation and 15% WB during lactation).Results: Compared with CON, supplementation of SBP decreased (P < 0.05) lactation BW loss, reduced (P < 0.05) serum concentration of total cholesterol, non-esterified fatty acids, interleukin-6 and tumor necrosis factor-α, and increased (P < 0.05) fecal water content on d 110 of gestation and d 21 of lactation, while supplementation of WB reduced (P < 0.05) serum concentration of total cholesterol on d 110 of gestation, increased (P < 0.05) fecal water content and decreased (P < 0.05) serum interleukin-6 concentration on d 110 of gestation and d 21 of lactation. In addition, sows fed SBP had lower (P < 0.01) abundance of Clostridium_sensu_stricto_1 and Terrisporobacter than those fed CON, but had greater (P < 0.05) abundance of Christensenellaceae_R-7_group and Ruminococcaceae_UCG-002 than those fed the other two diets on d 110 of gestation. On d 21 of lactation, supplementation of SBP decreased (P < 0.05) the abundance of Firmicutes and Lactobacillus, but enriched (P < 0.05) the abundance of Christensenellaceae_R-7_group, Prevotellaceae_NK3B31_group, Ruminococcaceae_UCG-002, Prevotellaceae_UCG_001 and unclassified_f__Lachnospiraceae compared with WB. Compared with CON, sows fed SBP had greater (P < 0.05) fecal concentrations of acetate, butyrate and total SCFAs during gestation and lactation, while sows fed WB only had greater (P < 0.05) fecal concentration of butyrate during lactation.Conclusions: Supplementation of dietary fiber during late gestation and lactation could improve sow metabolism and gut health, and SBP was more effective than WB.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

Impact of sugar beet pulp and wheat bran on serum biochemical profile, inflammatory responses and gut microbiota in sows during late gestation and lactation

Shang

Liu

et al. 2020

Preprint

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“…The presence of E 2 (see Figure 3) was not observed on the first nine sampling dates (19 days) of the experiment. On successive sampling dates (15 dates, 53.33%), E 2 values were higher in both E groups than in group C. The concentrations of T (see Figure 4) were lower on 60% sampling dates in both experimental groups than in the control group, which provides indirect evidence for the acceleration of metabolic processes or the conversion of T to E 2 [39] under the suppressive influence of ZEN [34,[40][41][42]. The concentrations of E 2 after 20 days of exposure and serum T levels throughout the experiment were directly proportional to the ZEN dose.…”

Section: Concentrations Of Estradiol and Testosteronementioning

confidence: 83%

The Effect of Different Doses of Zearalenone in Feed on the Bioavailability of Zearalenone and Alpha-Zearalenol, and the Concentrations of Estradiol and Testosterone in the Peripheral Blood of Pre-Pubertal Gilts

Zielonka

Gajęcka

Lisieska-Żołnierczyk³

et al. 2020

Toxins

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The objective of this study was to determine the effect of long-term (48 days), per os administration of specific zearalenone (ZEN) doses (20 and 40 μg ZEN/kg BW in experimental groups EI and EII, which were equivalent to 200% and 400% of the upper range limit of the no-observed-adverse-effect-level (NOAEL), respectively) on the bioavailability of ZEN and the rate of changes in estradiol and testosterone concentrations in the peripheral blood of pre-pubertal gilts. ZEN and α-ZEL levels were similar until day 28. After day 28, α-ZEL concentrations increased significantly in group EI, whereas a significant rise in ZEN levels was noted in group EII. The presence of estradiol in peripheral blood plasma was not observed until day 20 of the experiment. Spontaneous secretion of estradiol was minimal, and it was determined at very low levels of up to 10 pg/mL in EI and EII groups. Testosterone concentrations ranged from 4 to 9 ng/mL in all groups. A decrease in the concentrations of both analyzed hormones was reported in the last stage of the experiment. The results of the experiment indicate that: (i) The bioavailability of ZEN in peripheral blood has low diagnostic value, (ii) exposure to low doses of ZEN induces minor changes in the concentrations of the analyzed hormones, which could lead to situational supraphysiological hormone levels and changes in endogenous hormonal balance.

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“…For example, Butyricicoccus , Blautia , Bulleidia and Oribacterium are known to produce beneficial SCFAs (acetate and n -butyrate) which putatively contribute to the health of pigs [ 25 , 26 , 27 , 28 ]. Separately, Fibrobacter and Ruminococcus are known to degrade dietary fiber and produce SCFAs [ 29 , 30 ], and have been found to be abundant in the feces of sows fed a diet high in crude fiber and to improve the farrowing performance of sows [ 31 ]. The concentrations of acetate, propionate and n-butyrate were significantly higher in group H than in group L ( p < 0.05), which further substantiate the aforementioned evidence of the presence of high SCFA-producing microbiota in group H.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Comparison of Productivity and Fecal Microbiotas of Sows in Commercial Farms

Uryu

Tsukahara

Ishikawa³

et al. 2020

Microorganisms

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Sow productivity, that is, the number of weaned piglets per sow per year, depends on their health status. The gut microbiota is considered a crucial factor in the health of pigs and may affect sow productivity. In the present study, we aimed to investigate the relationship between productivity and the fecal microbiotas of sows in different farms. Feces of sows were collected from 18 farms (10 samples/farm). A total of 90 fecal samples of high-reproductive performance farms were labeled as group H, and 90 fecal samples from low-reproductive performance farms were labeled as group L. Fecal microbiotas were analyzed by 16S rRNA metagenomics, and the organic acids and putrefactive metabolites of the microbiotas were measured. β-diversity was significantly different between groups H and L (p < 0.01), and the relative abundances of 43 bacterial genera, including short-chain fatty acid-producing and fiber-degrading bacteria such as Ruminococcus, Fibrobacter and Butyricicoccus, significantly differed between groups (p < 0.05). In addition, the concentrations of acetate, propionate and n-butyrate were significantly higher in group H than in group L (p < 0.05). In conclusion, sow productivity in farms was likely associated with the compositions of the fecal microbiotas.

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Crude fiber modulates the fecal microbiome and steroid hormones in pregnant Meishan sows

Cited by 43 publications

References 57 publications

Impact of sugar beet pulp and wheat bran on serum biochemical profile, inflammatory responses and gut microbiota in sows during late gestation and lactation

Impact of sugar beet pulp and wheat bran on serum biochemical profile, inflammatory responses and gut microbiota in sows during late gestation and lactation

The Effect of Different Doses of Zearalenone in Feed on the Bioavailability of Zearalenone and Alpha-Zearalenol, and the Concentrations of Estradiol and Testosterone in the Peripheral Blood of Pre-Pubertal Gilts

Comparison of Productivity and Fecal Microbiotas of Sows in Commercial Farms

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