Cry1Ab Protein Does Not Persist in Soil After 3 Years of Sustained Bt Corn Use

Dubelman, Samuel; Ayden, Bonnie R.; Bader, Brenda M.; Brown, Christopher R.; Jiang, Changjian; Vlachos, Demetra

doi:10.1603/0046-225x-34.4.915

Cited by 65 publications

(44 citation statements)

References 20 publications

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“…In contrast, we found no accumulation of CryIAb protein during the growing season of Bt maize or one year after harvest. A recent report indicated that Bt maize does not accumulate in soil even after 3 years of sustained Bt corn cultivation (Dubelman et al 2005). Our results indicate that there was no significative accumulation of CryIAb protein in soils under the conditions of this study.…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 41%

Bt protein rhizosecreted from transgenic maize does not accumulate in soil

Margarit¹,

Reggiardo²,

Permingeat³

2008

Electron. J. Biotechnol.

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Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 41%

Bt protein rhizosecreted from transgenic maize does not accumulate in soil

Margarit¹,

Reggiardo²,

Permingeat³

2008

Electron. J. Biotechnol.

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“…These data predict that cultivation of GM plants containing these proteins is unlikely to lead to accumulation of transgenic proteins in the soil. This hypothesis has been corroborated by Head et al (2002) and Dubelman et al (2005), who showed that continuous cultivation of cotton containing Cry1Ac or maize containing Cry1Ab did not lead to the accumulation of the transgenic proteins in soil. These results were not surprising as most proteins do not persist or accumulate in soil because they are inherently degradable in soils that have healthy microbial activity (e.g., Burns 1982, Marx et al 2005, and references therein).…”

Section: Exposurementioning

confidence: 65%

Environmental Risk Assessment of Genetically Modified Crops: General Principles and Risks to Non-target Organisms

Raybould

2009

BioAssay

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Análise de Risco Ambiental de Plantas Geneticamente Modificadas: Princípios Gerais e Riscos aOrganismos Não-Alvos RESUMO -O presente trabalho discute que a análise de risco deveria ser abordada segundo o modelo de desenvolvimento contínuo do saber científico proposto por Karl Popper. Nesse contexto, a análise de risco deveria começar com o problema e busca de respostas para esse problema mediante testes de hipóteses. A análise de risco sendo considerada como teste de hipóteses, a segurança não pode ser provada, porém pode ser indicada pelos testes de hipóteses que prevêem baixo risco. A confiabilidade na análise de risco é dada pelo rigor com que hipóteses de risco são testadas; sendo que os testes devem ser iniciados em condições mais prováveis para demonstrar que as hipóteses de risco são falsas. Se as hipóteses de risco são corroboradas nessas condições, há confiança de que os riscos impostos pelas plantas geneticamente modificadas são baixos. O aumento no rigor nos testes de hipóteses auxilia para justificar o estabelecimento da solicitação de dados adicionais, e pode reduzir o risco ambiental mediante prevenção de atrasos excessivos no registro de produtos ambientalmente benéficos. PALAVRAS-CHAVE -Método científico, formulação de problema, teste de hipóteses.ABSTRACT -This paper argues that risk assessment should be viewed as conforming to the model of the continuous development of scientific knowledge proposed by Karl Popper. As such, a risk assessment should begin with a problem and search for answers to that problem by testing hypotheses. Regarding a risk assessment as hypothesis testing recognises that safety cannot be proved, but can be indicated by tests of hypotheses that predict low risk. Confidence in the risk assessment is provided by the rigour with which the risk hypotheses are tested; it follows that testing should begin under conditions most likely to reveal that the risk hypothesis is false. If the risk hypothesis is corroborated under those conditions, there can be confidence that the risks posed by the genetically modified plant are low. Application of a criterion of increased rigour for hypothesis testing helps to establish whether requests for additional data are justified, and may reduce environmental risk by preventing undue delay in the registration of environmentally beneficial products.

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“…Persistence of Bt-toxins in soil is primarily depending on the protein quantity added and on the rate of inactivation and degradation by biotic and abiotic factors [72]. Degradation rates of Bt-toxins are known to be influenced by environmental conditions, soil type, the protein source (purified versus plant-produced) as well as by the particular Cry-protein chosen [45].…”

Section: Release Persistence and Biological Activity Of Bt-toxins Imentioning

confidence: 99%

“…To date, none of the laboratory or field studies suggest accumulation of Bttoxins in soil over several years of cultivation. Experience from commercial cultivation indicates that Bt-toxin will not persist for long periods under natural conditions [72,77,78]. Although estimates on persistence of Bt-toxins differ among studies ranging from a few hours [79] to months [70,80], the results are not essentially conflicting.…”

Section: Release Persistence and Biological Activity Of Bt-toxins Imentioning

confidence: 99%