Cryogenic Resources: Ice, Snow, and Permafrost in Traditional Subsistence Systems in Russia

Fedorov, Roman

doi:10.3390/resources8010017

Cited by 10 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 16 publications

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“…It is also important to note that a great deal of research on this region has been published in the Russian literature, and so translation of Russian papers and data offers a means to improve understanding of the region. Additionally, eastern Siberia includes large indigenous populations, who can provide additional insight to cryospheric change given their reliance on cryospheric resources for a range of basic needs (Fedorov, 2019), and through their long-term landscape-based perspectives that may be missed by western scientific research (Crate et al, 2017).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Siberian Ecosystems as Drivers of Cryospheric Climate Feedbacks in the Terrestrial Arctic

et al. 2021

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Climate warming is altering the persistence, timing, and distribution of permafrost and snow cover across the terrestrial northern hemisphere. These cryospheric changes have numerous consequences, not least of which are positive climate feedbacks associated with lowered albedo related to declining snow cover, and greenhouse gas emissions from permafrost thaw. Given the large land areas affected, these feedbacks have the potential to impact climate on a global scale. Understanding the magnitudes and rates of changes in permafrost and snow cover is therefore integral for process understanding and quantification of climate change. However, while permafrost and snow cover are largely controlled by climate, their distributions and climate impacts are influenced by numerous interrelated ecosystem processes that also respond to climate and are highly heterogeneous in space and time. In this perspective we highlight ongoing and emerging changes in ecosystem processes that mediate how permafrost and snow cover interact with climate. We focus on larch forests in northeastern Siberia, which are expansive, ecologically unique, and studied less than other Arctic and subarctic regions. Emerging fire regime changes coupled with high ground ice have the potential to foster rapid regional changes in vegetation and permafrost thaw, with important climate feedback implications.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Siberian Ecosystems as Drivers of Cryospheric Climate Feedbacks in the Terrestrial Arctic

et al. 2021

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“…Many studies of cryogenic effects have been closely related to the classical subjects of geology and geography, as well as to various problems of physics, chemistry, cosmology, climatology, ecology, pedology, biology, medical sciences, etc., which led to changes in the axiological comprehension of cold. Now it became clear that cold is a yet underestimated resource rather than something hostile (Melnikov & Fedorov, 2018;Fedorov, 2019). A few years ago, the term cryodiversity (Melnikov & Gennadinik 2018) was coined to help understanding the diversity of objects and phenomena associated with cold and phase change of H 2 O, as well as forms and properties of ice as a focus of theoretical research.…”

Section: New Perspectives Of the Cold World In Postnonclassical Sciencementioning

confidence: 99%

Discovery of the Cold World on the Earth and in the Universe: from Ancient Natural Philosophy to Cryosophy

Melnikov¹,

Fedorov²

2020

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Discovering today diversity of extraterrestrial cryogenic objects, as well as the large range of scales and rates of cryogenic processes, undermines the conventional views of cold in the classical terms. The classical approach of natural sciences that study different cryogenic objects and processes separately is giving way to the apprehension of the cold world as a self-evolving complex system, with a great variability of its constituents in the scale of the Universe. In this respect, we discuss the methods and conceptual basis of the terrestrial and extraterrestrial cryology in terms of a new science called cryosophy. Cryosophy studies the role of cold in the origin and evolution of life and heat-mass interactions in the world. It addresses the key features and principles of the evolution of the cryosphere and uses both classical (for simple physical and chemical systems) and synergetic (for complex and living systems) approaches, as well as information logistic methods that generate knowledge about knowledge. Studies of cold date back to the ages of ancient Greek natural philosophy, which flourished between the 7 th and 4 th centuries BC. Unlike Greek natural philosophy, which pretended to be a universal

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“…В соответствии с базовыми установками этого направления криосфера Земли рассматривается в качестве активного элемента мироздания, своего рода ресурса, источника благ и возможностей для человечества. В связи с этим анализируется и позитивное значение явлений, связанных с низкими температурами, в жизнедеятельности населения Азиатского Севера [Мельников, Геннадиник, Федоров 2016;Мельников, Федоров 2018;Fedorov 2019;и др. ].…”

Section: Introductionunclassified

Антропология Холода: Естественные Низкие Температуры В Традиционной Системе Жизнеобеспечения Якутов (XIX В. – 30-Е Гг. ХХ В.)

Сулейманов¹

2021

Oriental Studies

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Goals. The study aims to determine the influence of a complex of cryogenic factors (snow, ice, permafrost, cold in general) on traditional household and sociocultural practices of the Yakuts including benefits that some representatives of this ethnic group have learned to derive from winter climatological conditions. Materials and Methods. The work analyzes archival materials, scientific literature and the author’s field data. The most important elements of the methodological toolkit are sociocultural analysis and basic principles of cryosophy that suggest analysis of the phenomena of the ‘cold world’ in terms of their resource potential. Results. The paper shows positions (impacts) of low temperatures and accompanying phenomena when it comes to choose a place of location for a winter settlement and layout a farmstead (availability of a reservoir that does not freeze over the winter to its bottom, relative remoteness of permafrost soils from the surface, creation of open spaces for a better view, etc.), and the former’s influence on the architecture and functionality of residential and household buildings. The work introduces certain characteristics of deep freeze practices used for storing and cooking food, employment of cryogenic phenomena and processes for sanitary and hygienic purposes. Special insight is made into the significance of ‘cold’ practices in household activities. Specifically, the study shows that in farming and cattle breeding cryogenic phenomena were used for irrigation of agriculturally used areas, livestock feeding and threshing arrangements. Moreover, the specific climatic regime made it possible to apply quite a range of unique approaches to fishing and hunting. However, one of the most important results obtained during this study is the conclusion — confirmed by definite examples — that the Yakuts practiced conscious control over cryogenic processes in household activities. Conclusions. Based on the above, the paper concludes it is largely due to cold that a big complex of elements of the traditional life sustenance system of the Yakuts had emerged — to further essentially shape the latter’s most representative ethnocultural features.

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Cryogenic Resources: Ice, Snow, and Permafrost in Traditional Subsistence Systems in Russia

Cited by 10 publications

References 16 publications

Siberian Ecosystems as Drivers of Cryospheric Climate Feedbacks in the Terrestrial Arctic

Siberian Ecosystems as Drivers of Cryospheric Climate Feedbacks in the Terrestrial Arctic

Discovery of the Cold World on the Earth and in the Universe: from Ancient Natural Philosophy to Cryosophy

Антропология Холода: Естественные Низкие Температуры В Традиционной Системе Жизнеобеспечения Якутов (XIX В. – 30-Е Гг. ХХ В.)

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