Cryopreservation of Embryogenic Cultures of Conifers and Its Application to Clonal Forestry

Cyr, David R.

doi:10.1007/978-94-017-3032-7_10

Cited by 29 publications

(22 citation statements)

References 31 publications

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“…In general, cryopreservation of ET is accomplished easily [1]. However, it is important to demonstrate that embryogenic clones are maintained without change in genetic makeup or loss of viability during cryogenic storage.…”

Section: Genetic Stability Of Cryopreserved Clonesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Implementation of conifer somatic embryogenesis in clonal forestry: technical requirements and deployment considerations

Park

2002

Ann. For. Sci.

157

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-Cloning of trees using somatic embryogenesis (SE) could have a major impact on tree breeding and commercial plantation forestry. In conjunction with cryopreservation, SE offers an opportunity to develop highly valuable clone lines. Commercial deployment of such genetically tested clone lines in forestry will dramatically increase forest productivity over any available conventional tree improvement techniques. However, sufficient technical advances must be made to use SE in clonal forestry. Progress in SE techniques and genetic stability of clones is reviewed, using white spruce (Picea glauca) and eastern white pine (Pinus strobus) as model species. There are several other issues in implementing clonal forestry. The main concern is managing clonal plantations for optimal genetic gain and diversity. The issues and considerations for selecting appropriate numbers of clones and deployment strategies are discussed. A clonal deployment strategy using a "mixture of clones and seedlings" is proposed for eastern Canada.somatic embryogenesis / cryopreservation / genetic stability / clonal forestry / tree improvement Résumé -Mise en oeuvre de l'embryogenèse somatique des conifères en foresterie multiclonale : exigences techniques et considérations sur son utilisation. Le clonage des arbres réalisé à l'aide de l'embryogenèse somatique (ES) pourrait avoir un impact majeur sur l'amélioration des arbres et la foresterie commerciale de plantation. L'ES, utilisée de pair avec la cryoconservation, offre la possibilité de développer des lignées multiclonales de grande valeur. L'utilisation commerciale de telles lignées multiclonales testées génétiquement permettra d'augmenter de façon radicale la productivité forestière comparativement aux autres techniques d'amélioration génétique classique. L'utilisation de l'ES en foresterie multiclonale exige toutefois certaines avancées techniques. Les progrès réalisés au niveau des techniques d'ES et de la stabilité des clones sont présentés en utilisant comme espèces modèles l'épinette blanche (Picea glauca) et le pin blanc (Pinus strobus). De plus, lors de l'instauration d'un programme de foresterie multiclonale, il y a de nombreux obstacles à surmonter. Le principal point à surveiller est l'aménage-ment des plantations multiclonales afin de maximiser à la fois le gain et la diversité génétiques. Les problèmes rencontrés et les considérations à prendre en compte lors du choix du nombre approprié de clones et de la stratégie de déploiement sont également discutés. Une stratégie de dé-ploiement multiclonal basée sur le recours à un mélange de clones et de semis est proposée pour l'est du Canada. embryogenèse somatique / cryoconservation / stabilité génétique / foresterie multiclonale / amélioration des arbres

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Section: Genetic Stability Of Cryopreserved Clonesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Implementation of conifer somatic embryogenesis in clonal forestry: technical requirements and deployment considerations

Park

2002

Ann. For. Sci.

157

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“…A recent review on Cryopreservation of embryogenic cultures of conifers and its application to clonal forestry has been reported by Cyr (1999).…”

Section: Cryopreservation Of Embryogenic Cellsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Embryogenic Cell Culture, Protoplast Regeneration, Cryopreservation, Biolistic Gene Transfer and Plant Regeneration in Japanese Cedar (Cryptomeria japonica D. Don).

Maruyama

Tanaka

Hosoi

et al. 2000

Plant Biotechnology

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Somatic embryogenesis in Cryptomeria japonica was initiated at a relatively high frequency from immature seeds collected from the end of June to mid -July. Induction of embryogenic cultures was possible on media with or without plant growth regulators, and the initiation frequency varied from 5 to 16%. Embryogenic cell lines have been maintained and proliferated for more than 2 years in solid and liquid media. For long-term storage embryogenic cells were cryopreserved using a simple freezing method. Cotyledonary embryos were obtained mostly on maturation media containing abscisic acid (ABA) and polyethylene glycol (PEG) as osmotic agent, however, the plant conversion rate was still low. Plants regenerated from somatic embryos continued growing in a greenhouse. Furthermore, a procedure for the individual culture of protoplasts isolates from embryonal masses, and an approach for microprojectile bombardment-mediated transformation using pIPT and pMAT vectors was also described.

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“…This strategy is increasingly combined with tree improvement programs to allow rapid build-up of stocks for genotype selection trials and propagation of elite material [1,11,20,31,44].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Towards genetic engineering of maritime pine (Pinus pinaster Ait.)

Trontin¹,

Harvengt²,

Garin³

et al. 2002

Ann. For. Sci.

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-Using our improved protocols for somatic embryogenesis in Pinus pinaster, transgenic tissues and plantlets were recovered after microprojectile bombardment (biolistic) or cocultivation of embryonal-suspensor masses (ESM) with Agrobacterium tumefaciens. Transformation experiments were carried out with selectable hpt gene (hygromycin B resistance) and reporter gus gene (β-glucuronidase activity). With both methods, hygromycin was shown to be an effective selective agent of transformed cells within 4-19 weeks. The mean number of hygromycin-resistant lines expressing gus per gram ESM subjected to DNA transfer, ranged from 7.0 to 8.5 using biolistic and 0 to 67.3 during Agrobacterium experiments. Mature somatic embryos obtained from some transformed lines were converted into plantlets and grown in the greenhouse. The whole process (from transformation to plant acclimatisation) could be completed within only 12 months. The transgenic state of ESM, somatic embryos and plants was confirmed by histochemical GUS assays and molecular methods.

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Cryopreservation of Embryogenic Cultures of Conifers and Its Application to Clonal Forestry

Cited by 29 publications

References 31 publications

Implementation of conifer somatic embryogenesis in clonal forestry: technical requirements and deployment considerations

Implementation of conifer somatic embryogenesis in clonal forestry: technical requirements and deployment considerations

Embryogenic Cell Culture, Protoplast Regeneration, Cryopreservation, Biolistic Gene Transfer and Plant Regeneration in Japanese Cedar (Cryptomeria japonica D. Don).

Towards genetic engineering of maritime pine (Pinus pinaster Ait.)

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