Cryopreservation without dry ice-induced acidification during sample transport

Experimental and Theoretical Investigation of the Dry Ice Sublimation Temperature for Varying Far-Field Pressure and Co2 Concentration

“…For example, cryopreservation of various biopharmaceutical products like tissues [1], blood [2], and proteins [3] are traditionally carried out by cooling either directly using dry ice or by quenching in a bath of dry ice and alcohol. In the so-called spray cooling systems latent heat of phase change of dry ice is utilized in applications involving high heat flux densities such as food freezing [4] and cryogenic machining [5]. In addition to its use as a cooling agent, dry ice has been recognized for its effective cleaning ability particularly of delicate surfaces such as mirrors of telescopes and semiconductor wafers [6].…”

Sublimation of a dry ice sphere in a controlled ambient

“…Methods of predicting the sublimation rates of dry ice particles and the phenomena associated with the sublimation process are crucial in engineering for analyzing various operational processes. Obtaining fundamental data regarding the factors that influence the rates of heat and mass transport in a spray of dry ice particles is essential for applications involving cooling with dry ice sprays, such as cryopreservation [1,2,3], machining [4] and food freezing [5]. Similar to the evaporation of liquid droplets in a spray, the phenomenon associated with the spray of sublimating solid particles presents complexity under natural conditions.…”