Cryoprotective effects of yeast extracellular polysaccharides and glycoproteins

Breierová, Emília; Kocková-Kratochvílová, A.

doi:10.1016/0011-2240(92)90039-5

Cited by 15 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 16 publications

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“…The development of a thick wall of glycoproteins probably protected the cells and/or contributed to DBT dissolution, thus permitting gradual and controlled sulfur uptake. This hypothesis is supported by findings according to which a wild-type R. toruloides strain adheres to surfaces by means of mannoproteins (i.e., glycoproteins containing mannose), which accounted for 56% of the surface glycoproteins (4,5), mostly concentrated in the pole regions of cells (5).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 75%

“…In the latter case, the anion concentration was measured with a Dionex DX-120 IC system equipped with an IonPac AS14 column (4 by 250 mm) and a conductivity detector combined with an ASRS-Ultra conductivity suppressor system (Dionex Corporation, Sunnyvale, Calif.). The eluent was a solution of 3.5 mM Na 2 CO 3 and 1.0 mM NaHCO 3 prepared in ultra-resi-analyzed water; the flow rate was 1.2 ml min Ϫ1 , and the injection volume was 20 l. A linear four-point calibration curve (range, 0.2 to 20.0 mg/liter, i.e., 0.0021 to 0.21 mM) for SO 4 2Ϫ was developed by using a pure standard of this compound. The limit of SO 4 2Ϫ detection was 0.052 M. Morphology changes and cell adhesion determined by CSLM.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Growth of Rhodosporidium toruloides Strain DBVPG 6662 on Dibenzothiophene Crystals and Orimulsion

Baldi

Pepi

Fava

2003

Appl Environ Microbiol

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Strains DBVPG 6662 and DBVPG 6739 of Rhodosporidium toruloides, a basidiomycete yeast, grew on thiosulfate as a sulfur source and glucose (2 g liter ؊1 or 10.75 mM) as a carbon source. DBVPG 6662 has a defective sulfate transport system, whereas DBVPG 6739 barely grew on sulfate. They were compared for the ability to use dibenzothiophene (DBT) and related organic sulfur compounds as sulfur sources. In the presence of glucose as a carbon source and DBT as a sulfur source, strain DBVPG 6662 grew better than DBVPG 6739. In the presence of thiosulfate as a sulfur source, the two yeast strains did not use DBT, DBT-sulfone, benzenesulfonic acid, biphenyl, and fluorene. When the two strains were grown in the presence of glucose, strain DBVPG 6662 transformed 27% of the DBT present (10 M) at a rate of 0.023 mol liter ؊1 h ؊1 in 36 h. Traces of 2,2-dihydroxylated biphenyl were transiently accumulated under these conditions. When the same strain was grown on glucose in the presence of a higher concentration of DBT (0.5 g liter ؊1 ), mainly in an insoluble form, the whole surface of the DBT crystals was colonized by a thick mycelium. This adherent structure was imaged by confocal microscopy with fluorescent concanavalin A, a lectin that specifically binds glucose and mannose residues. When DBVPG 6662 was grown on glucose in the presence of a commercial emulsion of bitumen, i.e., orimulsion, 68% of the benzo-and dibenzothiophenes and DBTs was removed after 15 days of incubation. The fungus adhered by hyphae to orimulsion droplets. When cultivated in the presence of commercial emulsifier-free fuel oil containing alkylated benzothiophenes and DBTs and having a composition similar to that of orimulsion, strain DBVPG 6662 removed only 11% of the total organic sulfur that occurs in the medium and did not adhere to the oil droplets. These results indicate that strain DBVPG 6662 is able to utilize the organic sulfur of DBT and a large variety of thiophenic compounds that occur extensively in commercial fuel oils by physically adhering to the organic sulfur source.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 75%

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Growth of Rhodosporidium toruloides Strain DBVPG 6662 on Dibenzothiophene Crystals and Orimulsion

Baldi

Pepi

Fava

2003

Appl Environ Microbiol

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“…Mannoproteins are extremely common on the surfaces of yeast cells and account for 56% of the total surface glycoproteins of R. toruloides (6). Mannoproteins are commonly isolated from yeast cell walls by alkali extraction and are precipitated by ethanol (19).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Attachment of the Yeast Rhodosporidium toruloides Is Mediated by Adhesives Localized at Sites of Bud Cell Development

Buck

Andrews

1999

Appl Environ Microbiol

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The basidiomycetous yeast Rhodosporidium toruloides(anamorph, Rhodotorula glutinis) is a common phylloplane epiphyte with biocontrol potential. To understand how R. toruloides adheres to plant surfaces, we obtained nonadherent fungal mutants after chemical mutagenesis with methane-sulfonic acid ethyl ester. Sixteen attachment-minus (Att−) mutants were identified by three methods: (i) screening capsule-minus colonies for loss of adhesive ability; (ii) enrichment for mutants unable to attach to polystyrene; and (iii) selection for reduced fluorescence of fluorescein isothiocyanate-concanavalin A (Con A)-stained cells by fluorescence-activated cell sorting. None of the 16 mutants attached to polystyrene or barley leaves. The lectin Con A eliminated adhesion in all of the wild-type isolates tested. Hapten competition assays indicated that Con A bound to mannose residues on the cell surface. Adhesion of wild-type R. toruloides was transient; nonadhesive cells subsequently became adhesive, with bud development. All Att− mutants and nonattaching wild-type cells lacked polar regions that stained intensely with fluorescein isothiocyanate-Con A and India ink. Lectin, enzyme, and chemical treatments showed that the polar regions consisted of alkali-soluble materials, including mannose residues. Tunicamycin treatment reduced wild-type adhesion, indicating that the mannose residues could be associated with glycoproteins. We concluded that compounds, including mannose residues, that are localized at sites of bud development mediate adhesion of R. toruloides to both polystyrene and barley leaf surfaces.

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“…The strains of D. hungarica and C. gelida The shelf-life of the cultures studied was 1 year. The reculstored in the DMSO-free cryomedium showed medium surtivation and survival tests of the stored strains were carried vival rates, while C. graminis and L. scottii survived to the out according to Breierová and Kocková-Kratochvilová (1992). lesser extent.…”

Section: Preservation In Liquid Nitrogenmentioning

confidence: 99%

Yeast exoglycoproteins produced under NaCl‐stress conditions as efficient cryoprotectiveagents

Breierová

1997

Letters in Applied Microbiology

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Six extracellular yeast glycoproteins were prepared from three yeast species in osmoticequilibrium and unequilibrium environments and used as non‐penetrating cryoadditives. Theglycoprotein secreted by the strain Dipodascus australiensis into the growth mediumcontaining NaCl (8% w/v) was found to be the most effective cryoadditive. It was possible to usethis glycoprotein alone (without penetrating agent DMSO) for the cryoprotection of the yeastsstudied.

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Cryoprotective effects of yeast extracellular polysaccharides and glycoproteins

Cited by 15 publications

References 16 publications

Growth of Rhodosporidium toruloides Strain DBVPG 6662 on Dibenzothiophene Crystals and Orimulsion

Growth of Rhodosporidium toruloides Strain DBVPG 6662 on Dibenzothiophene Crystals and Orimulsion

Attachment of the Yeast Rhodosporidium toruloides Is Mediated by Adhesives Localized at Sites of Bud Cell Development

Yeast exoglycoproteins produced under NaCl‐stress conditions as efficient cryoprotectiveagents

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