Cryosurgery to remove perichondrium for the rabbit ear hypertrophic scar model: a simplified method

Tunca, Mustafa; Gamsızkan, Mehmet; Yürekli, Aslan; Göksel, Berk Alp; Çiçek, Ali Ali Fuat; Caliskan, Ercan

doi:10.15570/actaapa.2019.15

Cited by 5 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 9 publications

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“…To create up to 12 hypertrophic scars per animal according to this model, wounds must have at least a diameter of 7 mm, and the perichondrium must be removed, which is associated with a delayed re-epithelialization and an enhanced formation of scar tissue [15,38,46]. Removal of the perichondrium may be achieved by conventional surgery, but cryosurgery lowers the risk of damaging underlying cartilage [16]. Zu et al showed that hypertrophic scarring in rabbits may be induced by subcutaneous injection of anhydrous alcohol into the dorsal trunk [18].…”

Section: Rabbit Modelsmentioning

confidence: 99%

In Vivo Models for Hypertrophic Scars—A Systematic Review

et al. 2022

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Backgroundand Objectives: Hypertrophic scars following surgeries or burns present a serious concern for many patients because these scars not only lead to an aesthetical but also to a functional and psychological burden. Treatment of hypertrophic scars is challenging because despite various treatment options, a low level of evidence hinders preference of any specific treatment plan. To properly identify new therapeutic approaches, the use of in vivo models remains indispensable. A gold standard for hypertrophic scars has not been established to date. This review aims at giving a comprehensive overview of the available in vivo models. Materials and Methods: PubMed and CINAHL were queried for currently existing models. Results: Models with mice, rats, rabbits, pigs, guinea pigs and dogs are used in hypertrophic scar research. Rodent models provide the advantage of ready availability and low costs, but the number of scars per animal is limited due to their relatively small body surface, leading to a high number of test animals which should be avoided according to the 3Rs. Multiple scars per animal can be created in the guinea pig and rabbit ear model; but like other rodent models, these models exhibit low transferability to human conditions. Pig models show a good transferability, but are cost-intensive and require adequate housing facilities. Further, it is not clear if a currently available pig model can deliver clinical and histological features of human hypertrophic scars concurrently. Conclusions: None of the analyzed animal models can be clearly recommended as a standard model in hypertrophic scar research because the particular research question must be considered to elect a suitable model.

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Section: Rabbit Modelsmentioning

confidence: 99%

In Vivo Models for Hypertrophic Scars—A Systematic Review

et al. 2022

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“…It occurs after skin injuries, especially burns, and can cause severe physical and psychological distress [1,2]. Various medical treatments, including cryotherapy, laser therapy, drug therapy, and compression therapy, are available for HS [3][4][5][6]. However, these treatments may lead to adverse reactions and the appearance of new skin damage [7].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Gallic Acid Treats Hypertrophic Scar in Rabbit Ears via the TGF-β/Smad and TRPC3 Signaling Pathways

Li,

Lyu,

Chen

et al. 2023

Pharmaceuticals

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Hypertrophic scars (HSs) develop due to excessive collagen deposition and abnormal fibroblast proliferation during wound healing, significantly impacting patient quality of life. Three dosages of GA ointments were administered to rabbit ear HS models to investigate the potential efficacy and mechanism of gallic acid (GA) on HS. Daily application of ointment was performed on the matrix group, the GA ointment groups, and the silicone gel group for 28 days. (No drug treatment was performed on the skin and model groups as a blank group and vehicle group, and silicone gel ointment was topically administered to the silicone gel group as a positive control group.) Scar specimens were collected for histopathology analysis, RNA sequencing analysis, real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction, and Western blot analysis at the first, second, and fourth weeks after the treatment. Low-dose and medium-dose GA effectively suppressed HS formation and markedly decreased fibroblast infiltration levels and scar thickness. Moreover, decreased expression of TRPC3 mRNA and TGF-β1, p-Smad2/3, and Smad2/3 protein was observed in the low- and medium-dose GA groups and the silicone gel group. This study provides evidence for the efficacy of GA in treating HS and sheds light on its potential underlying pharmacological mechanisms.

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“…The mechanisms involved in scar formation in each stage are also different ( Bowers and Franco, 2020 ). At present, there are surgical treatment, physical therapy ( Zhang et al, 2019 ), laser therapy ( Tan et al, 2021 ), cryotherapy ( Tunca et al, 2019 ), and drug therapy ( Bi et al, 2019 ) for HS. Each treatment has its advantages and disadvantages ( Elsaie, 2021 ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Traditional Chinese medicine for hypertrophic scars—A review of the therapeutic methods and potential effects

Chen

Zhang

et al. 2022

Front. Pharmacol.

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Hypertrophic scar (HS) is a typical pathological response during skin injury, which can lead to pain, itching, and contracture in patients and even affect their physical and mental health. The complexity of the wound healing process leads to the formation of HS affected by many factors. Several treatments are available for HS, whereas some have more adverse reactions and can even cause new injuries with exacerbated scarring. Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) has a rich source, and most botanical drugs have few side effects, providing new ideas and methods for treating HS. This paper reviews the formation process of HS, the therapeutic strategy for HS, the research progress of TCM with its relevant mechanisms in the treatment of HS, and the related new drug delivery system of TCM, aiming to provide ideas for further research of botanical compounds in the treatment of HS, to promote the discovery of more efficient botanical candidates for the clinical treatment of HS, to accelerate the development of the new drug delivery system and the final clinical application, and at the same time, to promote the research on the anti-HS mechanism of multiherbal preparations (Fufang), to continuously improve the quality control and safety and effectiveness of anti-HS botanical drugs in clinical application.

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Cryosurgery to remove perichondrium for the rabbit ear hypertrophic scar model: a simplified method

Cited by 5 publications

References 9 publications

In Vivo Models for Hypertrophic Scars—A Systematic Review

In Vivo Models for Hypertrophic Scars—A Systematic Review

Gallic Acid Treats Hypertrophic Scar in Rabbit Ears via the TGF-β/Smad and TRPC3 Signaling Pathways

Traditional Chinese medicine for hypertrophic scars—A review of the therapeutic methods and potential effects

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