Abstract:Cryogens have been used to freeze living tissue for the purpose of treating benign and malignant lesions. Within the last century, ophthalmologists have found cryotherapy to be useful in treating a variety of ocular pathologies. Here, we review the history of cryotherapy, its introduction to the field of ophthalmology, its proposed mechanism of action, and its current applications in treating surface and intraocular eye disease.
“…Cryotherapy of the tumor bed and margins is also an upcoming recommendation at many centers. 12 Updated cryosurgery provides a low cost option to MMS. 13 Cryosurgery preserves much healthy ocular structures.…”
Introduction:There is geographical variation in pattern of ocular tumors. We aimed to identify and describe the clinicopathologic characteristics of primary tumors of the eye and ocular adnexa in oculoplastic clinics at our tertiary care centre. Materials and Methods: In our prospective longitudinal study patients with primary ocular tumors underwent surgical management. Resectable tumors were subjected to excision biopsy. Incision biopsy was taken in advanced malignant tumors. The tissue masses were sent for histopathological examination. Cases were followed up monthly to see recurrences. Result: Out of 676 oculoplastic cases operated, 68 patients required surgery for tumors with common site being upper eyelid followed by periorbital area & lower eyelid. 75% cases were benign while 25% were malignant. Maximum cases in benign group were in the age group 11-20 year & in malignant group in age group of 41-50 years. Recurrence rate was 17.3%. Sebaceous cell carcinoma (44.4%) was the predominant malignant eyelid tumor.
Conclusion:We observed an interesting geographical variation in malignant eyelid tumor. We have come up with a few recommendations to prevent recurrences.
“…Cryotherapy of the tumor bed and margins is also an upcoming recommendation at many centers. 12 Updated cryosurgery provides a low cost option to MMS. 13 Cryosurgery preserves much healthy ocular structures.…”
Introduction:There is geographical variation in pattern of ocular tumors. We aimed to identify and describe the clinicopathologic characteristics of primary tumors of the eye and ocular adnexa in oculoplastic clinics at our tertiary care centre. Materials and Methods: In our prospective longitudinal study patients with primary ocular tumors underwent surgical management. Resectable tumors were subjected to excision biopsy. Incision biopsy was taken in advanced malignant tumors. The tissue masses were sent for histopathological examination. Cases were followed up monthly to see recurrences. Result: Out of 676 oculoplastic cases operated, 68 patients required surgery for tumors with common site being upper eyelid followed by periorbital area & lower eyelid. 75% cases were benign while 25% were malignant. Maximum cases in benign group were in the age group 11-20 year & in malignant group in age group of 41-50 years. Recurrence rate was 17.3%. Sebaceous cell carcinoma (44.4%) was the predominant malignant eyelid tumor.
Conclusion:We observed an interesting geographical variation in malignant eyelid tumor. We have come up with a few recommendations to prevent recurrences.
“…In the present study, H&E stained sections of cryo‐injured mice demonstrated retinal injury. Tissue cracking could be explained by the removal of the probe after its adherence to the tissue before being defrosted, over freezing by excessive cold temperatures or prolonged duration with production of toxic concentrations of solutes inside cells, increased intra‐ocular pressure by freezing the intraocular fluid which expands in volume, denaturation of lipid–protein complexes, osmotic stress, and the intra‐ and extracellular ice crystals causing necrosis and apoptosis .…”
Section: Discussionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Different ophthalmic conditions, including surface and intraocular pathology, could be treated by cryotherapy which is also known as cryocautery or cryosurgery. In spite of its useful uses, the freeze phase of cryotherapy can cause cellular destruction with multifactorial mechanisms .…”
Conjunctival papilloma is an acquired benign squamous cell tumor that can present at any age, but most frequently in the third and fourth decades of life. Papillomas have been associated with human papilloma virus (HPV) infection, usually types 6 and 11. Although histopathological diagnosis remains the gold standard, the advent of newer non-invasive imaging modalities such as optical coherence tomography (OCT) is transforming the way we diagnose and treat ocular surface tumors, including conjunctival papilloma. Management of these lesions can prove a challenge to the treating physician since not all lesions respond to medical and/or surgical therapy and in fact may worsen after surgical manipulation. In this review, the epidemiology, pathophysiology, clinical characteristics, and diagnosis of conjunctival papilloma including the use of OCT are discussed. Indications, efficacy, and side effects of currently available management options are also reviewed to guide the selection of the best treatment approach.
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