Cryptic ecological and geographic diversification in coral-associated nudibranchs

Fritts-Penniman, Allison; Gosliner, Terrence M.; Mahardika, Gusti Ngurah; Barber, Paul H.

doi:10.1016/j.ympev.2019.106698

Cited by 29 publications

(27 citation statements)

References 96 publications

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“…Many of the other studies discussed here also provide compelling arguments for speciation with gene flow, such as those studying taxa with nested distributions (Dawson et al, 2002;Jones et al, 2003;Munday et al, 2004;Bird et al, 2011;Castelin et al, 2012;Rasmussen et al, 2012;Sanders et al, 2013b), or in which some evidence for disruptive selection has been found, such as in Caribbean hamlets (Puebla et al, 2014), grunts , the corallivorous gastropod Coralliophila violacea , or the nudibranch Phestilla minor (Fritts-Penniman, 2016). Also, the pattern of pre-and postzygotic isolation in the sympatric Japanese greenlings Hexagrammos otakii and H. agrammus compared with their allopatric congener H. octogrammus, as described above, is strongly indicative for speciation with gene flow , as postzygotic isolation would be expected to be higher in case of reinforcement after secondary contact (Coyne & Orr, 1989Berlocher, 1998;Schluter, 1998;Turelli et al, 2001;Via, 2001).…”

Section: Importance Of Ecological Speciation With Gene Flow In Marinementioning

confidence: 84%

“…So far, detailed, systematic studies on the importance of marine ecological speciation with gene flow in nonfish taxa are lacking. However, the studies discussed here suggest that ecological speciation with gene flow may be an important driver of divergence in coral reef symbionts (Duffy, 1996b;Munday et al, 2004;Faucci et al, 2007;Tsang et al, 2009;Duchene et al, 2013;Hurt et al, 2013;Fritts-Penniman, 2016;Simmonds et al, 2018) and depthsegregated populations of corals (Carlon & Budd, 2002;Bongaerts et al, 2010;Prada & Hellberg, 2013;Serrano et al, 2014;Costantini et al, 2016;Serrano et al, 2016;Bongaerts et al, 2017). Therefore, systematic assessments of many more, both species-poor and speciesrich, phylogenetically diverse clades are needed to assess the frequency of speciation with gene flow in marine systems (see also Via, 2001;Butlin et al, 2012).…”

Section: Importance Of Ecological Speciation With Gene Flow In Marinementioning

confidence: 93%

“…The other instances involve six gastropods, two species complexes of shrimp, three stony corals, two octocorals, a barnacle, a sponge, a polychaete worm, an amphipod, a crab, a sea star, a bivalve, and a sea snake. The identified cases differ in the phylogenetic level on which nonallopatric divergence is thought to have occurred, from recently diverged conspecific host races (e.g., Fritts-Penniman, 2016) to older divergence among species within a genus (e.g., Jones et al, 2003).…”

Section: Potential Cases Of Speciation With Gene Flowmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Several studies reported the prevalence of false positives (Beaumont & Balding, 2004;Narum & Hess, 2011), especially when populations are isolated by distance or have undergone range expansions (Lotterhos & Whitlock, 2014), or in species living in long, linearly shaped habitats such as river, deep-sea, or coastal ecosystems (Bierne et al, 2013;Fourcade et al, 2013). Using a negative control by randomizing the data (Puebla et al, 2014) and searching for consistent outliers across geographically distant populations or across different datasets (Puebla et al, 2014;Fritts-Penniman, 2016) may reduce the rate of false positives. Including a large dataset of putatively neutral loci also increases the performance of F ST -outlier tests (Lotterhos & Whitlock, 2014).…”

Section: 2mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Additionally, in panmictic, sympatric sister taxa with a long, pelagic larval stage, panmixia during divergence seems a reasonable hypothesis (Fitzpatrick et al, 2008;Krug, 2011). For example, low phylogeographic structuring was found east of the Sunda Shelf in both the corallivorous gastropod Coralliophila violacea (Lin & Liu, 2008; and the nudibranch Phestilla minor (but see Faucci et al, 2007) (Fritts-Penniman, 2016, both of which have a long, pelagic larval stage (Demond, 1957;Taylor, 1975;Ritson-Williams et al, 2007Lin & Liu, 2008). A lack of phylogeographic structure was found in several other taxa (table 1; supplementary table S1).…”

Section: 4mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Speciation with gene flow in marine systems

Potkamp

Fransen

2019

Contributions to Zoology

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Over the last century, a large body of literature emerged on mechanisms driving speciation. Most of the research into these questions focussed on terrestrial systems, while research in marine systems lagged behind. Here, we review the population genetic mechanisms and geographic context of 33 potential cases of speciation with gene flow in the marine realm, using six criteria inferred from theoretical models of speciation. Speciation with gene flow occurs in a wide range of marine taxa. Single traits, which induce assortative mating and are subjected to disruptive selection, such as differences in host-associations in invertebrates or colour pattern in tropical fish, are potentially responsible for a decrease in gene flow and may be driving divergence in the majority of cases. However, much remains unknown, and with the current knowledge, the frequency of ecological speciation with gene flow in marine systems remains difficult to estimate. Standardized, generally applicable statistical methods, explicitly testing different hypotheses of speciation, are, going forward, required to confidently infer speciation with gene flow.

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Section: Importance Of Ecological Speciation With Gene Flow In Marinementioning

confidence: 84%

Section: Importance Of Ecological Speciation With Gene Flow In Marinementioning

confidence: 93%

Section: Potential Cases Of Speciation With Gene Flowmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: 2mentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: 4mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Speciation with gene flow in marine systems

Potkamp

Fransen

2019

Contributions to Zoology

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Send nudis: An assessment of nudibranch diversity in Sodwana Bay, South Africa

Garner,

Oosthuizen

2023

Ecology and Evolution

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Climate change is posing unprecedented pressure onto marine ecosystems worldwide. This makes it imperative to monitor the effects that are being experienced in these environments. Nudibranchs are benthic marine organisms that possess characteristics that have the potential to act as indicators of change within ecosystems such as coral reefs. Therefore, these species have the ability to provide valuable information on fine‐scale changes in environmental conditions. It is thus essential for studies, such as this, to establish baseline analyses from which changes within nudibranch populations can be examined in order to investigate their ability to act as bioindicators. Recommendations can also be made for future sampling procedures through investigating environmental and experimental parameters that influence nudibranch communities. Nudibranch populations were sampled on Two‐Mile Reef in Sodwana Bay, South Africa, through SCUBA where individuals were photographed and later identified. Data were collected within a sample‐based dataset, as well as by citizen scientists within an incidence‐based dataset. Across both datasets, a total of 85 species were identified. Nudibranch populations showed high levels of diversity within an uneven, unstable community. Citizen scientist data provided imperative information to the baseline assessment and, therefore, the inclusion of these data increased the robustness of this study. Environmental and experimental variables investigated did not influence the outcomes of this study and should therefore not be heavily focused on in designing future experiments. Future monitoring studies should continue to record oceanic pH in order to detect any possible changes due to ocean acidification. It is recommended that sampling events should be increased in order to capture all species present in these localities. These events should also encompass an extended temporal scale in order to cover a larger temperature range. Research on bioindicators is essential within today's rapidly changing climate, mainly due to human activities, particularly within an extremely vulnerable habitats such as coral reefs.

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Validating a molecular clock for nudibranchs—No fossils to the rescue

Layton,

Wilson

2024

Ecology and Evolution

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Time calibrated phylogenies are typically reconstructed with fossil information but for soft‐bodied marine invertebrates that lack hard parts, a fossil record is lacking. In these cases, biogeographic calibrations or the rates of divergence for related taxa are often used. Although nudibranch phylogenies have advanced with the input of molecular data, no study has derived a divergence rate for this diverse group of invertebrates. Here, we use an updated closure date for the Isthmus of Panama (2.8 Ma) to derive the first divergence rates for chromodorid nudibranchs using multigene data from a geminate pair with broad phylogeographic sampling. Examining the species Chromolaichma sedna (Marcus & Marcus, 1967), we uncover deep divergences among eastern Pacific and western Atlantic clades and we erect a new species designation for the latter (Chromolaichma hemera sp. nov.). Next, we discover extensive phylogeographic structure within C. hemera sp. nov. sensu lato, thereby refuting the hypothesis of a recent introduction. Lastly, we derive divergence rates for mitochondrial and nuclear loci that exceed known rates for other gastropods and we highlight significant rate heterogeneity both among markers and taxa. Together, these findings improve understanding of nudibranch systematics and provide rates useful to apply to divergence scenarios in this diverse group.

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Cryptic ecological and geographic diversification in coral-associated nudibranchs

Cited by 29 publications

References 96 publications

Speciation with gene flow in marine systems

Speciation with gene flow in marine systems

Send nudis: An assessment of nudibranch diversity in Sodwana Bay, South Africa

Validating a molecular clock for nudibranchs—No fossils to the rescue

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