Cryptosporidium infections in birds - a review

Nakamura, Alex Akira; Meireles, Marcelo Vasconcelos

doi:10.1590/s1984-29612015063

Cited by 86 publications

(79 citation statements)

References 136 publications

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“…These results show high variability among breeds worldwide, but different methodological approaches of surveys, differences in hygiene and host age likely play important role. In contrast to previous studies that frequently reported clinical cryptosporidiosis in turkeys and chickens (Goodwin 1988, Baroudi et al 2013, Nakamura and Meireles 2015, infection with C. meleagridis was not associated with diarrhoea and mortality in the present study.…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 99%

“…in wild birds in Africa. Cryptosporidium baileyi is considered the most common avian species of Cryptosporidium worldwide and it has the broadest host range (Nakamura and Meireles 2015). In the present study, C. baileyi was detected in mallard, ostriches and chicken broilers.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 53%

“…and production losses (Nakamura and Meireles 2015). The common occurrence of C. meleagridis, mainly in domestic birds, may have an impact on public health.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The genus Cryptosporidium comprises species of apicomplexan parasites that infect epithelial cells in the microvillus border of the gastrointestinal tract of all vertebrate classes (O'Donoghue 1995). Species of genus Cryptosporidium additionally infect the bursa of Fabricius, respiratory system and other organs in birds (Nakamura and Meireles 2015).…”

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confidence: 99%

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Cryptosporidium meleagridis and C. baileyi (Apicomplexa) in domestic and wild birds in Algeria

et al. 2017

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A total of 345 faecal samples were collected from domestic, captive and wild birds in rural areas, urban areas and a Zoo in Algeria. Samples were screened for the presence of parasites belonging to the genus Cryptosporidium Tyzzer, 1910 by microscopy and PCR analysis of the small-subunit rRNA (SSU), actin and 60-kDa glycoprotein (gp60) genes. Cryptosporidium spp. were detected in 31 samples. Sequence analysis of SSU and actin genes revealed the presence of C. baileyi Current, Upton et Haynes, 1986 in domestic chicken broilers (n = 12), captive ostriches (n = 4) and a wild mallard (n = 1), and C. meleagridis Slavin, 1955 in a graylag goose (n = 1), chickens (n = 11) and turkeys (n = 2). Twenty-three chicken and two turkey broilers from five farms were positive for cryptosporidia, with an overall prevalence of 2% and 6%, respectively. Both C. meleagridis and C. baileyi were detected in farmed chicken broilers, with a prevalence ranging from 9% to 69%. Farmed turkeys broilers were positive only for C. meleagridis, with a 13% prevalence at the animal level. Subtyping of C. meleagridis isolates at the gp60 locus showed the presence of subtype IIIgA22G3R1 in graylag goose and chicken broilers and IIIgA23G2R1 in chicken and turkey broilers. Infection with cryptosporidia was not associated with any clinical diseases. The results of the present study, which provides the first data on the prevalence of Cryptosporidium spp. in wild birds in Africa, demonstrate the presence of human pathogenic C. meleagridis in both domestic and wild birds in Algeria.

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Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 53%

“…and production losses (Nakamura and Meireles 2015). The common occurrence of C. meleagridis, mainly in domestic birds, may have an impact on public health.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Cryptosporidium meleagridis and C. baileyi (Apicomplexa) in domestic and wild birds in Algeria

et al. 2017

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“…Cryptosporidiosis is a major protozoan infection in birds, causing respiratory and gastrointestinal diseases in domestic and wild species (NAKAMURA & MEIRELES, 2015). Four Cryptosporidium species infect birds: C. meleagridis (SLAVIN, 1955), C. baileyi (CURRENT et al, 1986), C. galli (RYAN et al, 2003a) and C. avium (formerly avian genotype V) .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Detection and molecular characterization of Cryptosporidium spp. in captive canaries (Serinus canaria) using different diagnostic methods

Camargo

Santana

Ferrari

et al. 2018

Rev. Bras. Parasitol. Vet.

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This study used several diagnostic methods to examine the occurrence of and molecularly characterize Cryptosporidium spp. in captive canaries (Serinus canaria) in southern and southeastern Brazil. A total of 498 fecal samples were purified by centrifugal-flotation using Sheather's solution. Cryptosporidium spp. diagnosis was performed using three diagnostic methods: malachite green negative staining, nested PCR targeting the 18S rRNA gene, followed by sequencing the amplified fragments, and duplex real-time PCR targeting the 18S rRNA specific to detect Cryptosporidium galli and Cryptosporidium avian genotype III. The overall positivity for Cryptosporidium spp. (total samples positive in at least one protocol) from the microscopic analysis, nested PCR and duplex real-time PCR protocol results was 13.3% (66/498). The positivity rates were 2.0% (10/498) and 4.6% (23/498) for Cryptosporidium spp. by microscopy and nested PCR, respectively. Sequencing of 20 samples amplified by nested PCR identified C. galli (3.0%; 15/498), Cryptosporidium avian genotype I (0.8%; 4/498) and Cryptosporidium avium (0.2%; 1/498). Duplex real-time PCR revealed a positivity of 7.8% (39/498) for C. galli and 2.4% (12/498) for avian genotype III. Malachite green negative staining differed significantly from nested PCR in detecting Cryptosporidium spp. Duplex real-time PCR was more sensitive than nested PCR/sequencing for detecting gastric Cryptosporidium in canaries.Keywords: Cryptosporidiosis, birds, diagnosis, epidemiology. ResumoEste trabalho teve como objetivos determinar a ocorrência e realizar a caracterização molecular de Cryptosporidium spp. em 498 amostras fecais de canários (Serinus canaria) criados em cativeiro, utilizando três métodos de diagnóstico: análise microscópica pela coloração negativa com verde malaquita, nested PCR seguida de sequenciamento dos fragmentos amplificados e PCR duplex em tempo real específica para detecção de Cryptosporidium galli e Cryptosporidium genótipo III de aves. A positividade total para Cryptosporidium spp. (total de amostras positivas em pelo menos um método de diagnóstico) obtida pela análise microscópica, nested PCR e PCR duplex em tempo real foi de 13,3% (66/498). As taxas de positividade para Cryptosporidium spp. foram 2,0% (10/498) e 4,6% (23/498) por microscopia e nested PCR, respectivamente. O sequenciamento de 20 amostras amplificadas pela nested PCR identificou C. galli (3,0%; 15/498), Cryptosporidium genótipo I de aves (0,8%; 4/498) e Cryptosporidium avium (0,2%; 1/498). A PCR duplex em tempo real revelou positividade de 7,8% (39/498) para C. galli e 2,4% (12/498) para Cryptosporidium genótipo III de aves. A análise microscópica diferiu significativamente da nested PCR para detecção de Cryptosporidium spp. A PCR duplex em tempo real apresentou maior sensibilidade que a nested PCR/sequenciamento para detectar as espécies/genótipos gástricos de Cryptosporidium.

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Avian Cytodiagnosis

2022

Exotic Animal Hematology and Cytology

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Cryptosporidium infections in birds - a review

Cited by 86 publications

References 136 publications

Cryptosporidium meleagridis and C. baileyi (Apicomplexa) in domestic and wild birds in Algeria

Cryptosporidium meleagridis and C. baileyi (Apicomplexa) in domestic and wild birds in Algeria

Detection and molecular characterization of Cryptosporidium spp. in captive canaries (Serinus canaria) using different diagnostic methods

Avian Cytodiagnosis

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