Crystal Growth and Scintillation Properties of Ce Doped ${\rm Gd}_{3}({\rm Ga},{\rm Al})_{5}{\rm O}_{12}$ Single Crystals

Kamada, Kei; Yanagida, Takayuki; Pejchal, Jan; Nikl, M.; Endo, Takanori; Tsutsumi, Kousuke; Fujimoto, Yutaka; Fukabori, Akihiro; Yoshikawa, Akira

doi:10.1109/tns.2012.2197024

Cited by 110 publications

(43 citation statements)

References 23 publications

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“…CZ growth of the Gd 3 Ga 3 Al 2 O 12 crystals modied with corresponding Ce-doping was also reported in [9]. Similar to [8], the crystals were grown using reduced pulling rate ( This demonstrated that GAGG cannot be considered as true congruently melting compound at least at the compositional range reported.…”

Section: Garnetssupporting

confidence: 52%

“…Regarding dopant incorporation, it was noted in [9] that segregation coecient K(Ce 3+ ) in GAGG was considerably greater than K(Ce 3+ ) = 0.082 reported for the YAG crystal grown by temperature gradient technique (TGT) in [45]. Also, according to [46], the Ce content in the YAG crystals produced by CZ method was 8.4…”

Section: Garnetsmentioning

confidence: 91%

“…Avoiding crack formation in 2-inch Pr:Lu3Al5O12 crystals grown by Czochralski method by modication of the crystal shape (shoulder angle) and modication of temperature gradients according to [5]. [8,9], oating zone (FZ) [7], and micro-pulling-down (µ-PD) [42,43].…”

Section: Garnetsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Czochralski Growth and Properties of Scintillating Crystals

2013

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The Czochralski method is one of the very few melt growth techniques that are industry friendly when considering the combination of quality, dimensions, and cost of the produced crystals suitable for their commercialization in scintillation detectors. This method is one of the oldest and most developed crystal growth processes regarding an adequate understanding the physical phenomena observed during solidication process and its practical expansion especially in the industrial scale production. It allows controllable formation of single-crystalline cylindrical ingots of various inorganic scintillation materials. The review summarizes recent progress on the Czochralski growth of a number of scintillation materials. The oxide crystals are mainly considered including the Ce and Pr--doped RE3Al5O12, RE = Y, Lu, aluminum garnets and newly discovered ultraecient Ce-doped Gd3(Ga,Al)5O12 multicomponent garnet, high density PbWO4 and CdWO4 tungstates, Ce-doped RE2SiO5, RE = Y, Gd, Lu, oxyorthosilicates and (Y,Lu)AlO3 aluminum perovskites and nally the classical Bi4Ge3O12 scintillator. Additionally, the details of the growth of other practically important non-oxide crystals, namely the Ce and Eu-doped LiCaAlF6 neutron and ultraecient Ce-doped LaBr3 scintillators, are discussed. The potential of novel micro-pulling down growth method is briey described in the combinatorial search for new scintillator materials. Selected luminescence and scintillation characteristics including the spectra and decay kinetics, light yield and radiation resistance are also illustrated and overviewed.

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Section: Garnetssupporting

confidence: 52%

Section: Garnetsmentioning

confidence: 91%

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Czochralski Growth and Properties of Scintillating Crystals

2013

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“…The LY, typically measured in response to 662keV gamma photons, has been reported to be as high as 50,600 photons per MeV [15] and has been found to decrease with sample thickness [15], [21] and Ce dopant concentration [14]- [17]. The dependence on sample thickness is the result of the loss of photons due to self-absorption and scattering while the reduction in LY with increasing Ce content is attributed to Ce aggregate centres or crystal defects resulting from localized concentrations of Ce.…”

Section: A Light Yieldmentioning

confidence: 99%

Energy Resolution and Temperature Dependence of Ce:GAGG Coupled to Silicon Photomultipliers

Seitz

Rivera

Stewart

2016

IEEE Trans. Nucl. Sci.

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Abstract-Scintillators are a critical component of sensor systems for the detection of ionizing radiation. Such systems have a diverse portfolio of applications from medical imaging, well logging in oil exploration and detection systems for the prevention of the illicit movement of nuclear materials. The rare earth element cerium is an ideal dopant for a variety of host scintillating materials due to the fast 5d1 → 4f radiative transition of Ce 3+ . Cerium-doped Gadolinium Aluminium Gallium Garnet (Ce:GAGG) is a relatively new single crystal scintillator with several interesting properties. These include high light yield; an emission peak well-matched to silicon sensors; and a low intrinsic energy resolution. Moreover, the material has a high density and is non-hygroscopic. In this article we review the properties of cerium-doped GAGG and report Energy Resolution (ER) measurements over the temperature range -10• C to +50• C for 3 × 3 × 30 mm 3 Ce:GAGG crystals optically coupled to a Silicon Photomultipler (SiPM) sensor with a 3mm × 3mm active area. In addition the linearity of the scintillator-SiPM response as a function of gamma energy is reported.

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“…The crystal has a emission peak in the 520nm to 530nm region while the light yield has been reported as 33,100 photons/Mev [9] and 46,000 photons/Mev [10]. The data sheet from Furukawa quotes a light yield of 60,000 photons/MeV [11].…”

Section: A Cerium Doped Gaggmentioning

confidence: 99%

Performance evaluation of novel SiPM for medical imaging applications

Seitz

Stewart

O’Neill

et al. 2013

2013 IEEE Nuclear Science Symposium and Medical Imaging Conference (2013 NSS/MIC)

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Abstract-Silicon Photomultiplier (SiPM) detectors are investigated world-wide as a suitable replacement for the conventional vacuum based PhotoMultiplier Tube (PMT) and are enabling applications otherwise not possible with PMT detectors. Progress in recent years has been substantial with SiPM detectors pushing the boundaries in energy and time resolution as well as photon detection efficiency and active surface area. In this paper we report on the performance of a gamma detector comprising latest generation SiPM detectors from SensL coupled to novel Cerium doped Gd3Al2Ga3O12 (GAGG) scintillators from Furukawa, Japan. Both 3mm×3mm N-on-P and P-on-N SiPM detectors have been optically coupled to 3mm×3mm×30mm crystals. An energy resolution (662 keV Cs-137) of 9.4% has been measured for GAGG crystal coupled to a 3mm×3mm N-on-P SiPM detector.

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Crystal Growth and Scintillation Properties of Ce Doped ${\rm Gd}_{3}({\rm Ga},{\rm Al})_{5}{\rm O}_{12}$ Single Crystals

Cited by 110 publications

References 23 publications

Czochralski Growth and Properties of Scintillating Crystals

Czochralski Growth and Properties of Scintillating Crystals

Energy Resolution and Temperature Dependence of Ce:GAGG Coupled to Silicon Photomultipliers

Performance evaluation of novel SiPM for medical imaging applications

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