Crystal Growth for Beginners

Markov, Ivan

doi:10.1142/2145

Cited by 408 publications

(295 citation statements)

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“…The explicit form of ∆µ is given in Markov [62]. When ∆µ > 0, the crystal grows because its chemical potential is lower than that of the ambient phase, whereas when ∆µ < 0, the crystal recedes (evaporate, dissociates, or melts).…”

Section: Monte Carlo Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Disassembly of Faceted Macrosteps in the Step Droplet Zone in Non-Equilibrium Steady State

Akutsu¹

2017

Crystals

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A Wulff figure-the polar graph of the surface tension of a crystal-with a discontinuity was calculated by applying the density matrix renormalization group method to the p-RSOS model, a restricted solid-on-solid model with a point-contact-type step-step attraction. In the step droplet zone in this model, the surface tension is discontinuous around the (111) surface and continuous around the (001) surface. The vicinal surface of 4H-SiC crystal in a Si-Cr-C solution is thought to be in the step droplet zone. The dependence of the vicinal surface growth rate and the macrostep size n on the driving force ∆µ for a typical state in the step droplet zone in non-equilibrium steady state was calculated using the Monte Carlo method. In contrast to the known step bunching phenomenon, the size of the macrostep was found to decrease with increasing driving force. The detachment of elementary steps from a macrostep was investigated, and it was found that n satisfies a scaling function. Moreover, kinetic roughening was observed for |∆µ| > ∆µ R , where ∆µ R is the crossover driving force above which the macrostep disappears.

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Section: Monte Carlo Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Disassembly of Faceted Macrosteps in the Step Droplet Zone in Non-Equilibrium Steady State

Akutsu¹

2017

Crystals

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“…When the miscut is relatively low, only single-height-atomic steps are expected to occur on the surface, and these are known to produce a 90 rotation of the dimers on every next terrace due to the diamond lattice structure of the substrate. 62 This leads to the growth of the two different growth domains of GaN. However, when the miscut angle is increased, the surface will contain more double-height-atomic steps and the dimer direction does no longer change on adjacent terraces.…”

Section: Vicinal Direction Toward [110]mentioning

confidence: 99%

Realising epitaxial growth of GaN on (001) diamond

Dreumel

Tinnemans

Heuvel

et al. 2011

Journal of Applied Physics

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By an extensive investigation of the principal growth parameters on the deposition process, we realized the epitaxial growth of crystalline wurtzite GaN thin films on single crystal (001) diamond substrates by metal organic chemical vapor deposition. From the influence of pressure, V/III ratio, and temperature, it was deduced that the growth process is determined by the mass-transport of gallium precursor material toward the substrate. The highest temperature yielded an improved epitaxial relationship between grown layer and substrate. X ray diffraction (XRD) pole figure analysis established the presence of two domains of epitaxial layers, namely (0001) h10 10i GaN k (001) [110] diamond and (0001) h10 10i GaN k (001) ½1 10 diamond, which are 90 rotated with respect to each other. The presence of these domains is explained by the occurrence of areas of (2 Â 1) and (1 Â 2) surface reconstruction of the diamond substrate. When applying highly misoriented diamond substrates toward the [110] diamond direction, one of the growth domains is suppressed and highly epitaxial GaN on (001) diamond is realized.

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“…40 This behavior is probably an expression of Ostwald's step rule which stipulates that the metastable phase nucleation rate can be higher than those of the stable phase due to the local decrease of the supersaturation. 41 However, how saccharides, in general, and fructose, in particular, affect the crystallization acting as crystal modifiers, it is not yet elucidated. It is proposed that in the particular case of BaTiO 3 the local decrease of supersaturation can be due to formation of stable Ba-fructose complexes which restrict the reaction with titanium precursor and so the crystallization of BaTiO 3 .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Additive-Assisted Aqueous Synthesis of BaTiO₃ Nanopowders

Maxim

Ferreira

Vilarinho

et al. 2010

Crystal Growth & Design

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The effect of poly(acrylic acid) (PAA), poly(vinylpyrrolidone) (PVP), sodium dodecylsulfate (SDS), hydroxypropylmethylcellulose (HPMC), and D-fructose additives on the growth of BaTiO 3 particles by aqueous synthesis is studied. Through different mechanisms, all the tested additives influenced the growth of BaTiO 3 . For high concentrations, PAA adsorbed on specific crystallographic faces changing the growth kinetics and inducing the oriented attachment of the particles acting as a crystal growth modifier. PVP, SDS, and HPMC behave as growth inhibitors rather than crystal habit modifiers, and barium titanate crystals as small as 26 nm were obtained. D-Fructose appeared to increase the activation energy for barium titanate nucleation when the additive concentration increases. The present study gives new insights into how additives control barium titanate particle growth in aqueous media.

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Crystal Growth for Beginners

Cited by 408 publications

References 0 publications

Disassembly of Faceted Macrosteps in the Step Droplet Zone in Non-Equilibrium Steady State

Disassembly of Faceted Macrosteps in the Step Droplet Zone in Non-Equilibrium Steady State

Realising epitaxial growth of GaN on (001) diamond

Additive-Assisted Aqueous Synthesis of BaTiO₃ Nanopowders

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Crystal Growth for Beginners

Cited by 408 publications

References 0 publications

Disassembly of Faceted Macrosteps in the Step Droplet Zone in Non-Equilibrium Steady State

Disassembly of Faceted Macrosteps in the Step Droplet Zone in Non-Equilibrium Steady State

Realising epitaxial growth of GaN on (001) diamond

Additive-Assisted Aqueous Synthesis of BaTiO3 Nanopowders

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Product

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Additive-Assisted Aqueous Synthesis of BaTiO₃ Nanopowders