“…This results in versatile properties of vanadium-based materials, such as superconductors (MV 3 Sb 5 (M = Cs, K)) , and metal-ion batteries (Li/Na/Mg/Al/K/Ca/Zn ions) − and catalytic , and optoelectronic devices (VO 2 , V 2 O 5 ), , etc. In particular, due to the unique structural properties of a layered crystal structure, broad and intense O 2– V 5+ charge transfer bands, eco-friendliness, and low cost, the calcium pyrovanadate (Ca 2 V 2 O 7 ) has been widely used in microwave dielectrics, supercapacitors, lithium-ion batteries (LIBs), vanadium extraction, , and phosphors − to name a few. These applications focus primarily on the unique structural properties of Ca 2 V 2 O 7 .…”