Trimetallic
borohydrides have emerged as promising candidates for
hydrogen storage due to their unique structural and chemical properties.
Nevertheless, the literature on trimetallic borohydrides is limited
to only a few studied examples. Thermodynamic properties of trimetallic
borohydrides can be tuned by changing the composition and stoichiometry
of the compound. In this regard, the hydrogen storage potential of
a series of new Al-based trimetallic borohydrides, including alkali,
earth alkali, and transition metals with different electronegativities,
with a general formula of LiAlM(BH4)5–7 (M = Na, Mg, Sc, Y, Zn, and Mo) has been investigated using various
computational tools. Due to the limited knowledge about the crystal
structure of trimetallic borohydrides, first, a crystal structure
prediction study has been accomplished to determine the lowest-energy
crystal structures of Al-based trimetallic borohydrides using the
recently developed highly parallel FFCASP tool together with subsequent
electronic structure calculations. Iso-energetic crystal structures
with different metal-borohydride coordinations were obtained with
FFCASP especially for the higher borohydride stoichiometries, indicating
a potential energy landscape with shallow minima, which make easier
the phase transformations under temperature. The convex hull of the
ternary LiBH4–Al(BH4)3-M(BH4)
x
(M = Na, Mg, Zn, and Y) system
indicated that while both LiAlNa(BH4)5 and LiAlZn(BH4)6 are stable, LiAlMg(BH4)6 and LiAlY(BH4)7 are metastable. Hydrogen release
dynamics in these predicted structures was studied with the help of
ab initio molecular dynamics (AIMD) simulations. Among the trimetallic
borohydrides, AIMD simulations indicated that LiAlZn(BH4)6 has a favorable hydrogen release temperature, starting
from 392 K.