Crystal structures of ZnCl₂·2.5H₂O, ZnCl₂·3H₂O and ZnCl₂·4.5H₂O

Abstract

The formation of different complexes in aqueous solutions is an important step in understanding the behavior of zinc chloride in water. [ZnCl 4 ] units, as well as additional lattice water molecules. O-HÁ Á ÁO hydrogen bonds between the water molecules as donor and ZnCl 4 tetrahedra and water molecules as acceptor groups leads to the formation of a three-dimensional network in each of the three structures.

The role of the molecular formula of ZnCl2·nH2O on its catalyst activity: a systematic study of zinc chloride hydrates in the catalytic valorisation of cellulosic biomass

“…It has been established that ZnCl2•nH2O comprises a hydrated zinc cation and a tetrachlorozincate anion, as pictorially presented in Scheme 2. 9,10,33 When n = 2-3, the hydrated water is present only in the inner coordination shell of zinc cation. With these entities, hydrogen cation H + is directly sourced from the metal aquo complex, accounting for the impressive acid strength ( Table 2).…”

High enhancement of the hydrolysis rate of cellulose after pretreatment with inorganic salt hydrates

“…The salt hydrate intercalates between the cellulose fibers, breaking hydrogen bonds and allowing the dissolution of cellulose. [32][33][34][35] The structure of salt hydrates is governed by coordination complexation between Cl − or Br − and water around Zn 2+ or Li + . The proposed structure of inorganic zinc hydrate is {[Zn (H 2 O) 6 ][ZnX 4 ]•2H 2 O} (where X = Cl or Br).…”

The evolution of solvation symmetry and composition in Zn halide aqueous solutions from dilute to extreme concentrations

“…It is worth noting that this equal segregation into octahedral Zn with six waters and tetrahedral Zn with four chlorides has been found to exist in crystals having a 3 : 2 : 1 composition ratio between water, chloride, and zinc. 66 While the occurrence of nominally isosbestic points in the mole-normalized spectra of Fig. 3 and 4 suggests a simple twocomponent model, this is problematic.…”

“…It is worth noting that this equal segregation into octahedral Zn with six waters and tetrahedral Zn with four chlorides has been found to exist in crystals having a 3 : 2 : 1 composition ratio between water, chloride, and zinc. 66…”