Crystallization behavior of poly(vinylidene fluoride) composites containing zinc phenylphosphonate

Abstract

Poly(vinylidene fluoride) (PVDF) composites with different ratios of zinc phenylphosphonate (ZPP) were prepared by mixing in a kneader. The crystallization behavior of the composites from the melt was investigated by polarized optical microscopy (POM), differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), and wide-angle X-ray diffraction (WAXD). The POM observations directly showed that nucleation of the PVDF crystal was promoted by adding ZPP. The data obtained from DSC measurements also indicated that the crystallization temperature of the composites became higher than that of pure PVDF. These results suggested that ZPP acted as a good nucleating agent for PVDF. Nonisothermal crystallization behavior was analyzed by Avrami equation adopted by Jeziorny. The results of the analysis were found to be consistent with the POM observations for the composites. WAXD analysis suggested that the PVDF crystal structure was influenced by ZPP addition. These results proved that as a nucleating agent, ZPP increased the crystallization rate and temperature of PVDF. POLYM. ENG. SCI., 53:843-848, 2013.

A novel poly(vinylidene fluoride) composite membrane for catalysis and separation

“…As shown, all the membranes display a same single melting peak at 173°C. The same peak position and shape of blend membrane and composite membrane compared with PVDF membrane indicates the PVDF crystal phase is hardly affected by PMAA microsphere, i.e., PVDF phase is separated from PMAA microsphere in blend membrane and composite membrane . The crystallinity calculated according to the melting peak of Supporting Information Fig.…”

Organically modified layered zinc phenylphosphonate reinforced stereocomplex-type poly(lactic acid) nanocomposites with highly enhanced mechanical properties and degradability

“…The WAXD data of PPZn reveals three strong diffraction peaks at 2h = 6.31°, 12.48°, and 18.68°, which are the orders of a repeat distance on the (010), (020), and (030) planes, respectively [19,[21][22][23][24][25][26][27][28]36]. The interlayer spacing d 010 of PPZn was determined to be 14.5 Å by applying Bragg's equation.…”

“…Zinc phenylphosphonate was synthesized according to the procedure reported in a previous literature [19,[21][22][23][24][25][26][27][28]. Typically, 1 g of phenylphosphonic acid was dissolved in 40 mL of deionized water.…”

“…Two-dimensional montmorillonite (MMT) and layered double hydroxides (LDHs) belong to a class of natural and synthetic two-dimensional inorganic materials with lamellar structures and have been well used in polymer composites [13][14][15][16][17][18]. More recently, the two-dimensional layered zinc phenylphosphonate (PPZn), a type of synthetic inorganic/organic hybrid material with a layered structure that is similar to MMT, has rapidly expanded due to their potential application in catalysis, polymer, and adsorption areas [19,[21][22][23][24][25][26][27][28]. Layered zirconium phenylphosphonate was first reported by Alberti et al in 1978 [29].…”

Lamellae Evolution of Stereocomplex-Type Poly(Lactic Acid)/Organically-Modified Layered Zinc Phenylphosphonate Nanocomposites Induced by Isothermal Crystallization

“…Zinc phenylphosphonate (PPZn) is a two-dimensional inorganic material with a lamellar structure, which is used to fabricate polymer nanocomposites via a melt-mixing technique [27,28,29,30,31,32]. PPZn can significantly accelerate the crystallization of poly(vinylidene fluoride), poly(lactic acid), isotactic polypropylene, poly[(3-hydroxybutyrate)- co -(3-hydroxy-hexanoate)] and poly(butylene adipate) [27,28,29,30,31,32].…”