Crystallization of lipids and lipid emulsions treated by power ultrasound: A review

Ultrasound treatment of crystalline oil-in-water emulsions stabilized by sodium caseinate: Impact on emulsion stability through altered crystallization behavior in the oil globules

“…However, previous research on sonocrystallization in lard-based emulsions found that there was no obvious effect on crystal transition to the β -form with increasing ultrasound time. One possible explanation is the variation in the effect of different ultrasound parameters on crystallization [23] . Additionally, the type of fat in emulsions might also be a influential factor in ultrasonic crystallization.…”

“…In this case, Martini et al [10] suggested that ultrasound only delayed crystallization when high supercooling was used. Gao et al [23] explained that cavitation bubbles had dissolved before the lipids crystallised in high supercooling. Additionally, the low supercooling (51.1 °C) showed the predictable result, as the higher the temperature, the lower the driving force for crystallization to occur.…”

“…Low subcooling (51.1 °C) meant a weak crystallization drive force, producing fewer nuclei and larger tempered clusters. At high supercooling (35.6 °C), the cavitation bubbles dissolved rapidly and also weaken the promotion of fat crystallization by ultrasound [23] . In addition, HIU facilitated the exposure of protein hydrophobic groups and enhanced the repulsive force on the surface of oil droplets [57] , which might also improve the stability of POSt-based emulsions.…”

“…It has been widely proven that HIU could physically alter the interfacial properties of NaCas, enhancing the amount of adsorbed protein, thus contributing to the improvement of emulsion stability [21] . However, recent studies found that HIU also showed the effect of ultrasonic crystallization on the emulsion stability [22] , [23] , probably related to modifying partial coalescence of crystalline droplets. Thus, the stabilization mechanism of crystalline oil-in-water with NaCas formed by HIU needs further study.…”

Evaporating crystallization effect of ammonium sulfate at atmospheric pressure under the action of ultrasound

“…2 (e) shows that the morphology of ammonium sulfate at 90 W included more large particles with uneven sizes obtained from the agglomeration of multiple orthorhombic particles. A stronger high-speed microjet is generated when the ultrasound power increases [23] , [24] , which produces a significant shear impact on the particle surface, leading to the breakage of agglomerated large particles in the product and the formation of more uniform particles. As a result, large particles are dispersed to form more small particles with a morphology close to that of the standard orthorhombic crystal system at 360 W. The ammonium sulfate particles gradually transform from the orthorhombic crystal system to the slender flake particles when the ultrasound intensity increases from 360 W to 450 W ( Fig.…”