Treatment of (η 5 -C 5 Me 5 )(PMe 3 )IrH 2 (1) with tert-butyllithium gives (η 5 -C 5 Me 5 )(PMe 3 )Ir-(H)(Li) (2) as a bright yellow solid. NMR evidence indicates that the lithium iridate 2 is aggregated in benzene, is converted to a single symmetrical species in THF, and is present as a dimer in DME. Treatment of 2 with 3,3-dimethylbutane trifluoromethanesulfonate-1,2-syn-d 2 (3-syn-d 2 ) gave the alkylated hydridoiridium complex 4a-anti-d 2 , which was converted to the corresponding chloride Cp*(PMe 3 )Ir(CHDCHDCMe 3 )(Cl) (4c-anti-d 2 ) by treatment with CCl 4 . Analysis of this material by NMR spectroscopy showed that it was contaminated with e15% syn isomer. The alkylation therefore proceeds with predominant inversion of configuration at carbon, indicating that the major pathway is an S N 2 displacement and not an outer-sphere electron-transfer reaction. Protonation studies carried out on iridate 2 with organic acids of varying pK a allowed us to estimate that the pK a of the dihydride 1 falls in the range 38-41, making it less acidic than DMSO and more acidic than toluene. This represents the least acidic transition metal hydride whose pK a has been quantitatively estimated. Treatment of 2 with main group electrophiles allowed the preparation of several other hydridoiridium derivatives, including Cp*(PMe 3 )Ir(SnPh 3 )(H) (5a), Cp*(PMe 3 )Ir(SnMe 3 )(H) (5b), and Cp*(PMe 3 )Ir(BR 2 )(H) (6a, R ) F; 6b, R ) Ph). Reaction of 2 with acid chlorides and anhydrides leads to acyl hydrides Cp*(PMe 3 )Ir(COR)(H), and fluorocarbons also react, giving products such as Cp*(PMe 3 )Ir(C 6 F 5 )(H) in the case of hexafluorobenzene as the electrophile.