Crystallographically amorphous ferrimagnetic alloys: Comparing a localized atomistic spin model with experiments

Ostler, Thomas; Evans, Richard F. L.; Chantrell, R.W.; Atxitia, Unai; Chubykalo‐Fesenko, O.; Radu, Ilie; Abrudan, R.; Radu, F.; Tsukamoto, Arata; Itoh, A.; Kirilyuk, Andrei; Rasing, T.H.M.; Kimel, A.V.

doi:10.1103/physrevb.84.024407

Cited by 152 publications

(140 citation statements)

References 42 publications

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“…The magnetization decreased precipitously with increasing temperature and finally decreased to near zero between 370 and 400 K. Magnetic compensation temperature was not observed in this composition region, which was consistent with some recently reported computational results on GdFeCo films [10]. The film compositions with 54 and 57 at.…”

Section: High Gd-content Filmssupporting

confidence: 91%

Tunable perpendicular magnetic anisotropy in GdFeCo amorphous films

Ma¹,

Poon²

2013

Journal of Magnetism and Magnetic Materials

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We report the compositional and temperature dependence of magnetic compensation in amorphous ferrimagnetic Gd x Fe 93−x Co 7 alloy films. Magnetic compensation is attributed to the competition between antiferromagnetic coupling of rare-earth (RE) with transition-metal (TM) ions and ferromagnetic interaction between the TM ions. The low-Gd region of x between 20 and 34 was found to exhibit compensation phenomena characterized by a low saturation magnetization and perpendicular magnetic anisotropy (PMA) near the compensation temperature.Compensation temperature was not observed in previously unreported high-Gd region of x=52-59, in qualitative agreement with results from recent model calculations. However, low magnetization was achieved at room temperature, accompanied by a large PMA with coercivity reaching ~6.6 kOe. The observed perpendicular magnetic anisotropy of amorphous GdFeCo films probably has a structural origin consistent with certain aspects of the atomic-scale anisotropy. Our findings have broadened the composition range of transition metal-rare earth alloys for designing PMA films, making it attractive for tunable magnetic anisotropy in nanoscale devices.

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Section: High Gd-content Filmssupporting

confidence: 91%

Tunable perpendicular magnetic anisotropy in GdFeCo amorphous films

Ma¹,

Poon²

2013

Journal of Magnetism and Magnetic Materials

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“…We study the temperature dependence of the MCDXPS of the ferrimagnetic film, verifying the different temperature dependence for Fe and Gd magnetic moments, in agreement with mean field models for ferrimagnets 27 and with a recent experimental and theoretical study of GdFe films using XMCD. 34 The temperature dependence of the exchange splitting observed in this work reveals intraatomic and interatomic contributions to the exchange field.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 60%

Exchange coupling in the correlated electronic states of amorphous GdFe films

et al. 2013

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The bulk sensitivity of hard x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy in combination with circularly polarized radiation of the P09 beamline at PETRA III enables the investigation of the magnetic properties of capped films. We have determined the temperature dependence of the magnetic circular dichroism in the Fe 2p and in the Gd 3d states in amorphous GdFe films. The magnetic dichroism reflects the stronger temperature dependence of Gd moments compared to Fe moments in agreement with mean-field models. We resolved the exchange split Gd 3d 5/2 substates and found a significant temperature dependence of the splitting which is attributed to a temperature dependent part of the exchange energy caused by Stoner-like itinerant states. A comparison of experimental and simulated x-ray photoemission spectra with corresponding data for x-ray absorption spectroscopy exciting the identical core holes clearly demonstrates that the core hole exchange interaction is the origin of the observed multiplet features for Gd.

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“…The hysteresis loops were measured at the L 3 resonant energy of Fe. The compensation temperature of the FeGd film was tuned 34 to lower temperatures in order to obtain a square hysteresis loop with a high remanent magnetization at room temperature. This ideal squareness with a low coercive field of about 60 Oe as well as the compensation nature of the FeGd alloy are clearly demonstrated in the insets of Fig.…”

Section: Perpendicular Anisotropy With Ferrimagnetic Pinning Layermentioning

confidence: 99%

Perpendicular exchange bias in ferrimagnetic spin valves

et al. 2012

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The exchange bias effect refers to the shift of the hysteresis loop of a ferromagnet in direct contact to an antiferromagnet. For applications in spintronics a robust and tunable exchange bias is required. Here we show experimental evidence for a perpendicular exchange bias in a prototypical ferrimagnetic spin valve consisting of DyCo 5 /Ta/Fe 76 Gd 24 , where the DyCo 5 alloy has the role of a hard ferrimagnet and Fe 76 Gd 24 is a soft ferrimagnet. Taking advantage of the tunability of the exchange coupling between the ferrimagnetic layers by means of thickness variation of an interlayer spacer, we demonstrate that perpendicular unidirectional anisotropy can be induced with desirable absolute values at room temperature, without making use of a field-cooling procedure. moreover, the shift of the hysteresis loop can be reversed with relatively low magnetic fields of several hundred oersteds. This flexibility in controlling a robust perpendicular exchange bias at room temperature may be of crucial importance for applications.

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Crystallographically amorphous ferrimagnetic alloys: Comparing a localized atomistic spin model with experiments

Cited by 152 publications

References 42 publications

Tunable perpendicular magnetic anisotropy in GdFeCo amorphous films

Tunable perpendicular magnetic anisotropy in GdFeCo amorphous films

Exchange coupling in the correlated electronic states of amorphous GdFe films

Perpendicular exchange bias in ferrimagnetic spin valves

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