Four new uranyl silicates
with the same framework composition but
different crystal structures, Na2[(UO2)Si4O10]·0.5H2O (1), K2[(UO2)Si4O10] (2), Rb2[(UO2)Si4O10] (3), and Cs2[(UO2)Si4O10] (4), have been
synthesized under supercritical hydrothermal conditions at 590 °C
and 1620 bar and characterized by single-crystal X-ray diffraction
and infrared and photoluminescence spectroscopy. Crystal data for
compound 1: tetragonal, I4/mcm (No. 140), a = 18.0332(7) Å, c = 7.7752(5) Å, V = 2528.5(2) Å3, Z = 8, R
1 = 0.0447;
compound 2: monoclinic, P21/n (No. 14), a = 8.2970(17) Å, b = 7.7403(15) Å, c = 8.7906(18) Å,
β = 104.83(3)°, V = 545.74(19) Å3, Z = 2, R
1 =
0.0140; compound 3: monoclinic, P21/c (No. 14), a = 10.3483(3)
Å, b = 23.7297(6) Å, c = 7.6278(2) Å, β = 110.482(1)°, V = 1754.68(8) Å3, Z = 6, R
1 = 0.0194; compound 4: orthorhombic, Cmca (No. 64), a = 7.7157(3) Å, b = 19.8719(8) Å, c = 24.0160(10)
Å, V = 3682.3(3) Å3, Z = 12, R
1 = 0.0277. The silicate
anions in the structures of these compounds form tubular chains, single
layers, and multiple chains which are linked by UO6 tetragonal
bipyramids to form three-dimensional frameworks. The tubular chains
and single layers are of the new type with respect to the sequence
of vertex orientations. The multiple chain is observed for the first
time and contains Q
2, Q
3, and Q
4 Si. The structures
of these silicate anions can be correlated with the sizes of alkali
metal cations.