CsPbBr₃ perovskite quantum dots/ZnO inverse opal electrodes: photoelectrochemical sensing for dihydronicotinamide adenine dinucleotide under visible irradiation

Abstract

All-inorganic perovskite quantum dots (PQDs) have attracted tremendous attention due to their extraordinary optical properties, especially CsPbBr3 QDs with their high stability and photoluminescence efficiency. However, studies investigating the biosensing capabilities of PQDs are still limited. In this work, we designed a visible -light-triggered photoelectrochemical (PEC) sensor based on CsPbBr3 QDs for the first time. The immobilized three-dimensional (3D) ZnO inverse opal photonic crystals (IOPCs) were applied to dihydronicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NADH) sensing. It was found that the CsPbBr3 QDs, as a photoactive material in a PEC sensor, can expand the photocurrent response of the PEC sensor to the visible region, as well as boost its conductivity. This PEC sensor based on a ZnO/CsPbBr3 electrode demonstrates sensitive detection of NADH in phosphate buffer saline solution and serum, with a good linear range from 0.1 μM to 250 μM and a low detection limit of 0.010 μM. Our strategy offers a new approach to perovskite QD-based PEC sensing, which could be more sensitive and convenient for clinical analysis.

Electrochemically Assisted Growth of CsPbBr3‐Based Solar Cells Without Selective Contacts

“…On the other hand, the good optoelectronic properties of CsPbBr 3 have found other applications such as lightemitting diodes (LEDs), photodetectors, photo-electrochemical sensing and water splitting, photocatalysis for pollutants degradation, CO 2 reduction and organic synthesis, among others. [28][29][30][31][32][33][34][35][36][37] CsPbBr 3 based PSCs remains an interesting material for photovoltaics and other optoelectronic applications due to its high stability under ambient conditions. The absence of organic cations in this perovskite means that no glovebox is strictly required and freshly made CsPbBr 3 films are usually quite robust.…”

Recent Progress and Development in Inorganic Halide Perovskite Quantum Dots for Photoelectrochemical Applications

“…Similar results were also obtained by Yang et al, who demonstrated that the carbon nanotube with high conductivity could accelerate charge separation and transfer. Inspired by this, Zhu et al immobilized CsPbBr 3 QDs in 3D ZnO IOPCs, which possessed higher charge mobility and better conductivity than TiO 2 , to detect dihydronicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NADH) in phosphate buffer saline solution and serum. Like the above‐mentioned CsPbBr 1.5 I 1.5 /TiO 2 IOPCs electrode, the photocurrent response of the obtained CsPbBr 3 /ZnO IOPCs composite was also improved to the visible light region ranging from 400 to 560 nm.…”

“…As a result, the interfacial recombination may increase. For example, compared to the CsPbBr 1.5 I 1.5 /TiO 2 IOPCs electrode, CsPbBr 3 /ZnO IOPCs composite demonstrated higher PEC performance . Thus, employing encapsulation layer with excellent conductivity (such as ZnO, SnO 2 ) may further improve the PEC performance.…”

“…Improving surface area and surface activity has been proven as powerful ways to enhance the PEC performance. For example, Chen et al and Zhu et al reported that the surface area was significantly improved by adopting IOPCs support, respectively. As a result, the PEC performances of CsPbBr 1.5 I 1.5 and CsPbBr 3 QDs were enhanced greatly.…”

Photoelectrochemical detection of ultra-trace fluorine ion using TiO2 nanorod arrays as a probe

“…It is well known that the photoelectrochemical (PEC) detection method is based on the photo-to-charge conversion process. 13 The light and electricity are used for the sensor excitation and detection respectively, 14 indicating that PEC detection technology has high sensitivity. 15 Moreover, the PEC method has attracted widespread concern because of its low cost and convenient.…”