Cued fear conditioning in humans using immersive Virtual Reality

Quezada-Scholz, Vanetza E.; Laborda, Mario A.; Martín, Consuelo San; Míguez, Gonzalo; Alfaro, Felipe; Mallea, Jorge; Díaz, Francisca Ríus

doi:10.1016/j.lmot.2022.101803

Cited by 9 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 71 publications

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“…118,152,155 ). A substantial number of studies have reported no association between trait anxiety and fear acquisition measured by self-report ratings 135,[156][157][158][159][160][161][162][163][164][165][166][167][168][169][170][171][172] and psychophysiological measures [159][160][161][162][163][164][165]167,170,[173][174][175][176][177][178] . Other studies found that trait anxiety modulates fear acquisition.…”

Section: Fear Acquisitionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Understanding clinical fear and anxiety through the lens of human fear conditioning

et al. 2023

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Fear is an adaptive emotion that mobilizes defensive resources upon confrontation with danger. However, fear becomes maladaptive and can give rise to the development of clinical anxiety when it exceeds the degree of threat, generalizes broadly across stimuli and contexts, persists after the danger is gone or promotes excessive avoidance behaviour. Pavlovian fear conditioning has been the prime research instrument that has led to substantial progress in understanding the multi-faceted psychological and neurobiological mechanisms of fear in past decades. In this Perspective, we suggest that fruitful use of Pavlovian fear conditioning as a laboratory model of clinical anxiety requires moving beyond the study of fear acquisition to associated fear conditioning phenomena: fear extinction, generalization of conditioned fear and fearful avoidance. Understanding individual differences in each of these phenomena, not only in isolation but also in how they interact, will further strengthen the external validity of the fear conditioning model as a tool with which to study maladaptive fear as it manifests in clinical anxiety.

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Section: Fear Acquisitionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Understanding clinical fear and anxiety through the lens of human fear conditioning

et al. 2023

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“…In the present study we sought to bridge the gap between ecological validity and experimental control in studying the effects of emotion on temporal duration memory by using virtual reality (VR). Previous work has demonstrated the utility of using VR to study mnemonic phenomena (e.g., Cadet et al, 2022;Quezada-Scholz et al, 2022;McCall et al, 2022). Although VR is not akin to the real-world, it can provide highly immersive naturally unfolding life-like events while retaining high experimental control (e.g., controlling for the time spent in an experience, or the stimuli presented).…”

Section: Current Studymentioning

confidence: 99%

The Effects of Emotion on Retrospective Duration Memory using Virtual Reality

Safi,

Shi,

Madan

et al. 2023

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Our memories for temporal duration may be coloured by the emotions we experience during an event. While emotion generally enhances some aspects of memory, temporal duration has been shown to be particularly susceptible to emotion-induced distortions. However, prior work has faced difficulty when studying this phenomenon, having to make some trade offs on ecological validity or experimental control. Here, we sought to bridge this gap by studying the effects of emotion on temporal duration memory using virtual reality. In the present study, a final sample of 69 participants experienced a series of negative-emotional and neutral worlds within virtual reality. Following this, participants provided ratings of emotionality (arousal, valence, pleasantness,) and retrospective duration estimates (i.e., remembered time). We hypothesized that negative events would be recalled as having a greater duration than neutral events (H1). We additionally hypothesized that negative, but not neutral, events would be recalled as being longer than the true duration (H2). The results supported H1 while failing to provide evidence in support of H2. Together, the results bolster the importance of emotion, especially negative emotion, in shaping how we remember the temporal unfolding of the past.

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