Cueing complex animations: Does direction of attention foster learning processes?

Eye-movement modeling of integrative reading of an illustrated text: Effects on processing and learning

“…Students were required to learn the skills for an effective visual search for symptoms and interpretation of their observations. The model's eye movements were displayed in two ways: By highlighting the features focused on by the model through circles, or blurring the features not focused on by the model, that is, reducing other information (spotlight condition) in a form of anti-cueing, as used in Lowe and Boucheix's (2011) study. Results revealed that the latter effectively guided students' search of relevant information compared with the former and the control condition.…”

“…Previous research has focused on the characteristics of learning materials that can better support the integration of text and pictures, in particular the corresponding parts of the two types of external representation, for example using labels and highlights as visual cues (Bartholomé & Bromme, 2009;Florax & Ploetzner, 2010;. However, cueing by making relevant information more salient is not necessarily successful, as indicated in studies on learning from static (Bartholomé & Bromme, 2009) and animated visualizations (Lowe & Boucheix, 2011). …”

The Interplay Between Methodologies, Tasks and Visualisation Formats in the Study of Visual Expertise

“…While the literature on dynamic image processing seems to be limited, the situation is very different in the field of learning and education, where a vast amount of research has been conducted in the last 20 years (see for example, Lowe, Schnotz, 2008;Bétrancourt, 2005;Mayer, 2005Mayer, , 2014van Gog & Schieter, 2010;Höffler & Leutner, 2007;Boucheix & Lowe, 2010Lowe & Boucheix, 2008, 2011Jarodzka, Scheiter, Gerjets & van Gog, 2010, amongst many others). Bétrancourt and Tversky (2000) defined computer animation with its notions of dynamic stimuli and transience as follows: "computer animation refers to any application which generates a series of frames, so that each frame appears as an alteration of the previous one, and where the sequence of frames is determined either by the designer or the user" (p. 313).…”

“…Previous research on 3D-object processing has also revealed difficulties for learners. However, short training sessions seem to lead to significant performance improvement (Cohen & Hegarty, 2007, 2011.…”

Dynamic Diagrams: A Composition Alternative

“…The APM characterizes learner construction of mental models from an animation as a cumulative, iterative process. A single pass through a complex, unfamiliar animation is simply insufficient to allow the learner to extract all the necessary information [5]. The sequencing used to present information via relation sets should therefore be one that facilitates their accumulation towards the desired mental model.…”